广西横县夏种耐热包心芥菜品种筛选及高效栽培关键技术探析  

Study on Heat-resistant Variety Selection and Key Technologies of High Efficient Cultivation in Summer for Leaf Mustard in Hengxian County of Guangxi

作　　者：龚明霞[1,3] 韦昌斌 赵虎 王萌[1,3] 吴星 赵曾菁[1,3] 何志 黄金梅[1,3] 王日升 GONG Mingxia;WEI Changbin;ZHAO Hu;WANG Meng;WU Xing;ZHAO Zengjing;HE Zhi;HUANG Jinmei;WANG Risheng(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Hengxian County Zhengnong Professional Breeding Cooperative of Guangxi,Hengxian County,Guangxi 530300,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding and New Technology Development,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所,南宁530007 [2]广西横县振农种养专业合作社,横县530300 [3]广西蔬菜育种与新技术研究重点实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《辣椒杂志》2021年第1期35-40,共6页Journal of China Capsicum

基　　金：广西南宁市技术创新引导专项资助项目(20182086);广西科技重大专项项目(桂科AA17204026);广西科技基地和人才专项资助项目(桂科AD17129042)。

摘　　要：为解决广西横县夏种包心芥菜幼苗移栽后成活率低、产量低的问题,对耐热包心芥菜品种筛选以及育苗方式、移栽时防病、促缓苗及促包心等高效栽培关键技术进行了研究,结果表明:(1)“大坪埔包心芥菜”产量为3522.2 kg/667 m^(2),显著高于其他品种,且表现耐热,适合在横县夏季推广种植;(2)采用漂浮育苗培育出的幼苗在株高、茎粗、地上部分鲜质量、地下部分鲜质量以及单株鲜质量方面显著高于传统穴盘育苗;(3)采用混配药液作定根水,包心芥菜幼苗移栽成活率显著提高,为96.37%;(4)20 mg/L“九二〇”处理定植后10 d的包心芥菜幼苗,收获时产量显著高于其他浓度处理;(5)在包心芥菜生长中期末适当增施磷钾肥可显著提高产量,较适宜的组合为增施10 kg/667 m^(2)的磷酸二氢钾+500倍稀释的葛效达。该研究结果可为广西夏种包心芥菜品种选择及高效生产提供依据。In order to solve problems of low survival rates of leaf mustard seedlings after transplanting and its low yields in summer in Hengxian County of Guangxi,the heat-resistant phenotypes were evaluated among different varieties and the related key technologies,such as methods of raising seedling,disease prevention after transplanting,promoting rejuvenation and promoting core inclusion for high efficient cultivation,were studied in the paper.The results showed that‘Dapingpu’exhibiting tolerance to heat had the highest yield of 3522.2 kg/666.7 m^(2),which is suitable to be extended to plant in summer in Hengxian County.The plant height,the stems diameter,the fresh weight of aboveground part,the fresh weight of underground part,and the fresh weight per plant of seedlings raised by floating system were significantly higher than that of traditional plug seedling.By using the fungicide mixtures as setting root water,the survival rates of seedlings after transplanting were significantly increased,and reached to 96.37%.Application of 20 mg/L‘920’on the seedlings at 10 days after transplanting significantly increased the yield.Applications of P and K fertilizer on leaf mustard at middle growth stage significantly increased the yield as well.The optimal fertilizer formula was 10 kg/667 m^(2) KH2PO4 combined with 500-fold diluted‘Ge–xiao-da’.These results will provide foundations for variety selection of leaf mustard and its high efficient cultivation in summer in Guangxi.

关 键 词：包心芥菜 夏种 品种筛选 高效栽培 广西 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]