云南省129个县(市、区)主城区登革热媒介伊蚊分布调查  

An investigation of the distribution of dengue vector Aedes in the main urban areas of 129 counties(cities, districts)of Yunnan province,China

作　　者：周克梅[1] 杨明东[1] 兰学梅 郑宇婷[1] 唐烨榕 吴超[1] 姜进勇[1] ZHOU Ke-mei;YANG Ming-dong;LAN Xue-mei;ZHENG Yu-ting;TANG Ye-rong;WU Chao;JIANG Jin-yong(Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Yunnan Provincial Center of Arborvirus Research,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Contorl and Research,Pu'er,Yunnan 665099,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省寄生虫病防治所,云南省虫媒病毒研究中心,云南省虫媒传染病防控研究重点实验室,云南普洱665099

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2021年第2期150-157,共8页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1200500)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省主城区埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的种群密度、分布、地区差异、孳生习性等特征。方法在云南省129个县(市、区)主城区开展伊蚊调查,采用布雷图指数(BI)法,调查居民区和特殊场所(包括城区公园绿地、废旧物品回收站、轮胎收购站和医院等)的所有积水容器,有媒介伊蚊幼蚊或蛹孳生计为阳性,并采集阳性容器内的幼蚊,鉴定蚊种。采用描述性统计方法对基本情况进行表述,χ^(2)检验比较分析不同地区、不同生态环境伊蚊孳生场所的差异,采用趋势χ^(2)检验分析海拔与蚊虫孳生密度的关系。结果云南省129个县(市、区)的主城区发现伊蚊媒介分布的有71个,占55.04%,其中城区仅有白纹伊蚊分布的为68个,占52.71%;埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊共同分布的有3个,占2.33%。共调查37 198户,阳性1 068户,发现积水容器167 206个,阳性2 135个,BI均值为5.74,房屋指数(HI)为2.87%,容器指数(CI)为1.28%。特殊场所的BI和CI均显著高于居民区的BI和CI(χ^(2)=4 509.220,P<0.001;χ^(2)=128.591,P<0.001);积水容器类型以轮胎最多,占44.84%,其次为其他暂时性容器,占12.55%,水桶占13.64%,阳性率从高到低依次是轮胎、水桶、其他暂时性容器、废弃瓶、水池、其他永久性容器和花瓶,分别为1.73%、1.25%、1.02%、0.95%、0.59%、0.56%和0.48%;全省容器阳性率排前5位的是德宏傣族景颇族自治州(德宏州)、红河哈尼族彝族自治州(红河州)、西双版纳傣族自治州(西双版纳州)、文山壮族苗族自治州(文山州)和普洱市,分别为8.72%(583/6 689)、2.83%(285/10 053)、2.70%(124/4 587)、2.54%(271/10 662)和2.43%(308/12 691)。2 135个阳性容器中,有白纹伊蚊孳生的1 849个,占86.60%,有埃及伊蚊孳生的251个,占11.76%,白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊混合孳生的35个,占1.64%。勐腊县埃及伊蚊构成较高,占79.66%,瑞丽市为67.03%,景洪市为34.55%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=28.194,P<0.001);伊蚊孳生率Objective To investigate mosquito in Yunnan province, China, as well as the population density, distribution,regional differences, and breeding habits of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in main urban areas. Methods Breteau index(BI) was used to investigate Aedes in the main urban areas of 129 counties, cities, and districts of Yunnan province,and all water containers in residential areas and special places(including park and green spaces in the urban area,recycling stations, tire collection stations, and hospitals) were checked. Water containers infested with larvae or pupae of Aedes vector were marked as positive, and the larvae in positive containers were collected and morphologically identified. Descriptive statistics was used to describe general information;the Chi-square test was used to investigate the difference in Aedes breeding sites between different areas and ecological environments, and the Chi-square test for trend was used to investigate the association between altitude and mosquito breeding density. Results Among the 129 counties, cities, and districts of Yunnan province, 71(55.04%) were found to have Aedes vector, among which 68(52.71%) were found to have Ae. albopictus alone and 3(2.33%) were found to have both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.A total of 37 198 households were investigated, among which 1 068 households were positive for Aedes;a total of167 206 water containers were found, among which 2 135 were positive, with a mean BI of 5.74, a house index of 2.87%,and a container index(CI) of 1.28%. Special places had significantly higher BI and CI than residential areas(χ^(2)=4 509.220 and 128.591, both P<0.001). Tires were the most common type of water container and accounted for44.84%, followed by other temporary containers(12.55%) and buckets(13.64%). Tires had the highest positive rate of1.73%, followed by buckets(1.25%), other temporary containers(1.02%), waste bottles(0.95%), pool(0.59%), other permanent containers(0.56%), and vase(0.48%). In terms of water containers, Dehong Dai and Ji

关 键 词：云南省 主城区 埃及伊蚊 白纹伊蚊 分布 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]