2005-2019年中国北部8省市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in eight provinces and municipalities of northern China,2005-2019

作　　者：王志会 李文 郭玉红[1] 岳玉娟[1] 王君[1] 马欣然 徐名芳 吴海霞[1] 刘起勇[1] 孟凤霞[1] WANG Zhi-hui;LI Wen;GUO Yu-hong;YUE Yu-juan;WANG Jun;MA Xin-ran;XU Ming-fang;WU Hai-xia;LIU Qi-yong;MENG Feng-xia(State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Department of Vector Biology and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management,Beijing 102206,China;College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150036,China;School of Public Health,Shandong First Medical University,Tai'an,Shandong 271016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,世界卫生组织媒介生物监测与管理合作中心,北京102206 [2]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [3]山东第一医科大学,山东泰安271016

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2021年第2期197-203,共7页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10101002-002)。

摘　　要：目的分析2005-2019年中国北部的甘肃省、宁夏回族自治区、陕西省、山西省、河北省、北京市、天津市、辽宁省(简称8省)流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行特征,探讨乙脑发生规律,为乙脑的有效防控提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统和乙脑监测信息报告管理系统收集2005-2019年中国北部8省乙脑病例,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2005-2019年研究区域乙脑年平均发病率为0.14/10万,死亡390例,病死率为7.25%。乙脑分布范围由2005年的157个县(区)扩展到2018年的254个县(区)。8-9月乙脑发病数占总发病数的81.26%,是乙脑发病高峰月份。0~14岁年龄组占比从2005年的54.55%下降至2019年的3.96%,≥15岁年龄组占比从2005年的45.18%升至2019年的96.03%(χ^(2)趋势=998.524,P<0.001)。农民、幼托儿童及散居儿童和学生分别占58.76%、14.81%和12.38%,农民占比由2005年的37.19%上升至2019年的79.21%。结论中国北部8省乙脑分布范围扩大,年龄分布向高年龄组倾斜,人群职业构成中农民占比增加。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE)in eight provinces and municipalities of northern China(Gansu,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Hebei,Beijing,Tianjin,and Liaoning)from 2005 to 2019,to investigate the pattern of the development of JE,and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of JE.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed for JE cases in the above eight northern provinces and municipalities from 2005 to 2019,which were collected through the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and JE Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System.Results From 2005 to 2019,the mean annual incidence rate of JE was 0.14/100000 and there were 390 deaths,with a case fatality rate of 7.25%.The distribution of JE expanded from 157 counties/districts in 2005 to 254 counties/districts in 2018.The number of cases from August to September accounted for 81.26%of all cases,and August and September were the peak periods for the onset of JE.The proportion of patients aged 0-14 years decreased from 54.55%in 2005 to3.96%in 2019,and the proportion of patients aged≥15 years increased from 45.18%in 2005 to 96.03%in 2019(χ^(2) trend=998.524,P<0.001).Farmers,preschool and scattered children,and students accounted for 58.76%,14.81%,and 12.38%,respectively.The proportion of farmers increased from 37.19%in 2005 to 79.21%in 2019.Conclusion The distribution of JE has expanded in the eight provinces and municipalities of northern China,and age distribution tilts toward high age.As for occupational composition,there is an increase in the proportion of farmers.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行特征 预防控制 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]