尖孢镰刀菌遗传多样性研究进展  

The Research on Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum

作　　者：王泽华 方香玲 WANG Ze-hua;FANG Xiang-ling(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第5期106-114,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31802126);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2019-36)项目资助。

摘　　要：尖孢镰刀菌是一种主要的土传病原真菌,可侵染100多种具有重要价值的作物,包括经济作物、园艺作物、食用豆类以及豆科牧草等,引发作物枯萎导致根腐病。该菌从根部侵染植物,在植株全生育期均可引起植株发病,严重影响植物的生长发育、产量和品质。尖孢镰刀菌遗传多样性复杂,根据植物寄主已被细分为100多种专化型,同一专化型又可分为不同生理小种。通过植物寄主、生理生化和分子水平等方面综述了尖孢镰刀菌遗传多样性的研究进展,并对存在的问题及今后的研究重点进行了展望,以期为农业生产中尖孢镰刀菌的检测及有效防控提供理论依据。Fusarium oxysporum is one of the main soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus that can infect more than 100 types of valuable crops,including industrial crops,horticultural crops,edible beans,and legumes,etc.,causing crop wilt and root rot.F.oxysporum infects plants from the root and can cause diseases during the whole growth period,which severely affects the growth,yield,and quality of plants.The genetic diversity of F.oxysporum is complex.The fungus has been subdivided into more than 100 formae speciales based on host specificity,in which the same formae speciales are consisted with different physiological races.This paper summarized the research progress of genetic diversity of F.oxysporum from the aspects of plant host,physiological,biochemical,and molecular level.The current problems and future research focus were also prospected to provide a theoretical basis for the detection and effective control of F.oxysporum in agricultural production.

关 键 词：尖孢镰刀菌 遗传多样性 专化型 生理小种 营养体亲和群 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]