基于离心试验的强震土体破裂及避让距离研究  

Soil body rupture and avoidance distance under strong earthquake based on centrifugal tests

作　　者：沈超[1,2] 薄景山 张雪东[3] 张建毅 梁建辉[3] 齐文浩 SHEN Chao;BO Jingshan;ZHANG Xuedong;ZHANG Jianyi;LIANG Jianhui;QI Wenhao(Key Lab of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Institute of Disaster Prevention,Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Prevention and Risk Assessment,Sanhe 065201,China;State Key Lab of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]防灾科技学院地质工程学院河北省地震灾害防御与风险评价重点实验室,河北三河065201 [3]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第9期246-253,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：中国地震局地震科技星火计划青年项目(XH21055Y);国家自然科学基金项目(U1939209)。

摘　　要：强震在合适的条件下会引起地表破裂而对工程造成损坏,避开发震断层引起的地表破裂带是工程选址的重要内容之一。研究采用土工离心模拟技术,在100g超重力环境下成功模拟了逆断层错动过程,得到了基岩不同位错时上覆土层为40 m厚度的干砂和湿砂场地地表变形演化特征,依据试验结果将地表变形过程划分为整体抬升期、隆起变形期、陡坎平移期和变形减缓滞期四个阶段,最终给出强震地表破裂避让距离的建议值。针对这一问题开展的试验研究及有关成果,对认识和研究隐伏逆断层错动引起的土体变形及确定发震断层地表破裂的避让距离等具有重要的理论和实际意义。Under suitable conditions,strong earthquake can cause surface rupture and damage to projects.Avoiding a surface rupture zone caused by seismogenic fault is one of important contents of project site selection.Here,based on the geotechnical centrifugal simulation technology,the process of reverse fault dislocation was successfully simulated in 100g centrifugal field,and surface deformation evolution characteristics of 40 m thick dry sand and wet sand sites during bedrock having different dislocations were obtained.According to test results,the surface deformation process was divided into 4 stages including whole uplift stage,uplift deformation one,scarp translation one and deformation mitigation lag one.Finally,the recommended value of ground surface rupture avoidance distance for strong earthquakes was given.It was shown that the test study and related results here have important theoretical and practical significance for understanding and studying the deformation of soil body caused by dislocation of hidden reverse fault and determining the avoidance distance of surface rupture of seismogenic fault.

关 键 词：土工离心机 隐伏逆断层 基岩 地表破裂 避让距离 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学] TU4[天文地球—固体地球物理学]