基于微波辐射计的张掖地区水汽、液态水变化特征分析  

Analysis of Water Vapor and Liquid Water Variation Characteristics in Zhangye Area with Microwave Radiometer Data

作　　者：程鹏 樊旭[3] 胡晓辉 张文煜 张丰伟[1] 庞朝云[1] CHENG Peng;FAN Xu;HU Xiaohui;ZHANG Wenyu;ZHANG Fenwei;PANG Chaoyun(Gansu Weather Modlification Office,Lanzhou 730020,Chinma;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081;College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Zhangye Meteoological Bureau,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人工影响天气办公室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室,北京100081 [3]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]张掖市气象局,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2021年第2期230-237,共8页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室开放课题资助项目(2018Z01603);西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目研究试验资助项目(ZQC-R18208);甘肃省气象局科研资助项目(Ms2019-19)。

摘　　要：针对张掖地区大气水汽变化特征和分布规律,利用张掖国家气候观象台地基微波辐射计反演数据对大气水汽总量(IWV)和液态水含量(LWP)的变化特征进行分析,并利用探空资料进行检验。结果表明:微波辐射计的反演数据可用性较好,通过了0.05的信度检验,夜间反演效果好于白天。张掖地区IWV和LWP的最大值分别出现于7月和4月,分别为2.34 cm和0.84 mm;IWV的日变化"双峰型"特征明显,主峰在17:00,次峰在03:00,LWP的日变化存在4个峰值,但峰值间数值接近;IWV和LWP的季节日变化均差异明显,IWV季节日平均值夏季(2.242 cm)>春季(0.975 cm)>秋季(0.893 cm)>冬季(0.320 cm);LWP主要集中于0.6~1.2 km高度,最大值出现在0.9 km(0.042 mm)。晴空条件下,张掖市观象台所在地区水汽来源以太阳加热地表导致的局地蒸发为主。降水和IWV及LWP的变化相关,当IWV和LWP明显增大时降水明显增强,IWV高值出现时间较降水高值提前1小时。In order to study the variation characteristics and distribution law of atmospheric water vapor in Zhangye based on the data observed by microwave radiometer in the national station of Zhangye observatory,the variation characteristics of integrated water vapor and liquid water path of Zhangye region are analyzed,the test is carried out by using the sounding data.The results showed that the inversion data of microwave radiometer is available and it has passed the reliability test of 0.05,the night inversion effect is better than the day.The maximum value of integrated water vapor and liquid water path in Zhangye region appeared in July and April respectively,which is 2.34 cm and 0.84 mm;the diurnal variation of Integrated water vapor appeared typical double peaks pattern,the major and minor peaks occurred at about 17:00 BST and 03:00 BST separately,there were four peaks in the daily variation of liquid water path,but the values between these peaks were close to each other.The seasonal diurnal variation of Integrated water vapor and liquid water path were significantly different,the order of the seasonal daily average of the Integrated water vapor was summer(2.242 cm)>spring(0.975 cm)>autumn(0.893 cm)>winter(0.320 cm).The liquid water path were mainly concentrated in the height range of 0.6 to 1.2 km,the maximum was 0.042 g/m~3 at 0.9 km height.The Integrated water vapor in cloudless day in Zhangye region mainly came from local evaporation which caused by the heating of the earth by the sun.When the integrated water vapor and liquid water path increase significantly,the precipitation increases significantly.The occurrence time of the integrated water vapor high value was about one hour ahead of the precipitation high value.

关 键 词：大气物理与大气环境 大气探测 大气水汽总量 液态水含量 微波辐射计 

分 类 号：P407.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]