药品配送冷藏箱制冷技术现状及关键技术  

Research Status and Key Technology of Refrigeration for Drug Distribution Refrigerator

作　　者：王瑜 成峰 WANG Yu;CHENG Feng(College of Urban Construction,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设学院,南京210009

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第11期4289-4299,共11页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51806096);国家博士后基金(2019M661812);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(SJCX20_0331)。

摘　　要：医药行业是关系到国计民生的行业。药品能够顺利发挥治病救人的作用,除了药品自身性能优异之外,良好的储藏输运环境也十分重要。药品在配送过程中需要处于适宜的温湿度环境中,以确保其活性。对此,需要配备专业设计的药品配送储藏箱完成药物的冷链配送。介绍并对比了冷藏箱三种主要的制冷方式:半导体制冷、相变蓄冷和蒸汽压缩式制冷,认为半导体制冷相较于其他两种方式,温度调控更精确,无需制冷剂则无污染,制作工艺相对成熟,是较好的制冷手段。同时结合近年来中外文献,介绍了药品配送冷藏箱的发展状况,从能源供给、外界环境、内部气流和除湿除霜四个方面归纳冷藏箱设计要点,并提出了药品配送冷藏箱的发展方向。The pharmaceutical industry is related to the national economy and personal livelihood.In addition to its excellent performance,good storage and transportation environment is also important for the function realization of the medicine.To ensure the activity of drugs,it is necessary to be in a suitable temperature and humidity environment during the shipping and distribution.In this regard,a specially designed drug distribution storage box is required to complete the cold chain distribution of drugs.Three main refrigeration modes of refrigerators:semiconductor refrigeration,phase change storage refrigeration,and vapor compression refrigeration were introduced and compared.Among them,the semiconductor refrigeration was more accurate in temperature control and could be operated without refrigerant and pollution.Regarding the mature manufacturing process,the semiconductor refrigeration was a better refrigeration method.In addition,combined with the literature at home and abroad in recent years,the development of pharmaceutical distribution refrigerators was introduced and the design points of refrigerators were summarized in four aspects:energy use,external environment,internal airflow,and dehumidification and defrosting.At last,the development directions of medicine distribution refrigerators are prospected.

关 键 词：冷藏箱 医药配送 制冷方法 设计要点 发展方向 

分 类 号：TB61[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB658