室内木柴燃烧排放水溶性离子粒径分布特征  

Size distribution of water-soluble ions in particles emitted from domestic firewood burning

作　　者：樊泽薇 孔少飞[1] 严沁 郑淑睿 郑煌[1] 姚立全 吴剑[1] 张颖 牛真真 吴方琪 程溢 曾昕 覃思 刘玺 燕莹莹 祁士华[1,2] FAN Ze-wei;KONG Shao-fei;YAN Qin;ZHENG Shu-rui;ZHENG Huang;YAO Li-quan;WU Jian;ZHANG Ying;NIU Zhen-zhen;WU Fang-qi;CHENG Yi;ZENG Xin;QIN Si;LIU Xi;YAN Ying-ying;QI Shi-hua(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉),生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第5期2064-2072,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0212602,2016YFA0602002);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41830965,42077202)。

摘　　要：基于实验室模拟燃烧和稀释通道采样系统,采用荷电低压撞击采样器采集了6种典型木柴燃烧排放的14级粒径段颗粒物.采用离子色谱分析了8种水溶性离子,获得水溶性离子的分粒径排放因子和排放特征.结果表明,Ca^(2+)的排放因子呈双峰分布,在0.25~0.38和2.5~3.6μm粒径段出现峰值,分别为0.14和0.16mg/kg.其余离子的排放因子为单峰分布.NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(−)和SO_(4)^(2−)的排放因子在0.25~0.38μm粒径段出现峰值,分别为0.41、0.58和0.84mg/kg.K+和Cl−的排放因子在0.15~0.25μm内出现峰值,分别为0.89和0.99mg/kg.木柴燃烧排放总水溶性离子的质量中值粒径为(0.30±0.07)μm,各离子的质量中值粒径范围为0.24~0.44μm.PM_(0.094)、PM_(0.94)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中水溶性离子的排放因子变化范围分别为1.04~9.33、5.00~48.87、5.46~52.00和6.14~53.68mg/kg.木柴燃烧排放颗粒物中K^(+)/Cl^(−)、K^(+)/NO_(3)^(−)、K^(+)/SO_(4)^(2−)和SO_(4)^(2−)/NO_(3)^(−)比值随粒径变化而变化,其排放初始值在应用于源解析和生物质燃烧排放气溶胶传输老化研究时需引起关注.木柴燃烧排放PM10中的阴阳离子当量比值为0.80±0.11,颗粒物的酸度随颗粒物粒径而改变,亚微米颗粒物和细颗粒物的酸度高于超细颗粒物和粗颗粒物的酸度.本研究对构建生物质燃烧排放分粒径水溶性离子清单,更新和改进相关气候和空气质量模型的参数设置,识别烟气传输过程中的老化具有重要意义.Six kinds of domestic firewood were burned in a laboratory.The emitted particles in fourteen sizes were collected using a dilution sampling system and an electrical low-pressure impactor.The emission characteristic and size-resolved emission factors(EFs)of eight types of water-soluble ions were identified.Results showed that the EFs of Ca^(2+)exhibited a bimodal size distribution,with peaks of 0.14 and 0.16mg/kg for particles within 0.25~0.38 and 2.5~3.6μm,respectively.The EFs of other ions were characterized by a unimodal size distribution.The EFs of NH_(4)^(+),NO_(3)^(−)and SO_(4)^(2−)peaked at 0.25~0.38μm,with peaks of 0.41,0.58 and 0.84mg/kg,respectively.The EFs of K^(+)and Cl^(−)exhibited highest values at 0.15~0.25μm of 0.89 and 0.99mg/kg,respectively.The mass median diameters of total water-soluble ions from firewood burning were(0.30±0.07)μm,and those of individual ions ranged in 0.24~0.44μm.The EFs of water-soluble ions in PM_(0.094),PM_(0.94),PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) were 1.04~9.33,5.00~48.87,5.46~52.00 and 6.14~53.68mg/kg,respectively.The ratios of K^(+)/Cl^(−),K^(+)/NO_(3)^(−),K^(+)/SO_(4)^(2−)and SO_(4)^(2−)/NO3−in particles emitted from firewood burning varied with particle size.Their primary emission values should be emphasized when they were used in source apportionment and smoke aging researches.The anion/cation equivalent ratios of PM10 from firewood burning were 0.80±0.11.The acidity of PM0.94 and PM2.5 were higher than those of PM0.094 and PM2.5~10.This study is significant to establish emission inventory of size-resolved water-soluble ions,update and improve the parameter settings of corresponding climate and air quality models,and identify the evolution mechanisms of smokes during transport and aging.

关 键 词：室内木柴燃烧 稀释通道 水溶性离子 粒径分布 排放因子 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]