基于光纤传输的灵敏度自校准脉冲电场测量系统  

Pulse Electric Field Measurement System with Sensitivity Self-calibration Based on Optical Fiber Transmission

作　　者：刘逸飞[1] 马良[1] 程引会[1] 吴伟[1] 郭景海[1] 赵墨[1] LIU Yifei;MA Liang;CHENG Yinhui;WU Wei;GUO Jinghai;ZHAO Mo(National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《高电压技术》2021年第4期1478-1484,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室基金(SKLIPR1702)。

摘　　要：分析了电小单极天线用于脉冲电场的测量原理,基于等效电路模型研究了天线阻抗和负载阻抗对测量指标的影响。以FET型放大器为核心器件,设计了宽频带脉冲电场测量系统。针对信号光纤传输环节因光功率变化导致的测量系统灵敏度不恒定问题,测量系统集成可控标准方波实现了灵敏度系数的实时自校准;基于电源管理克服了半导体激光器结节发热带来的光脉冲波形畸变问题。讨论了TEM小室标定环境下,探测器壳体引发的场增强效应对标定结果的影响,并给出了较为合理的修正方法。标定结果表明,测量系统可测脉冲前沿≥600 ps,可测脉宽≤1 ms,测量动态范围40 dB,基于不同灵敏度系数下多套测量系统的组合,可实现±0.5 V/m~200 kV/m的量程覆盖,能够满足高空电磁脉冲、雷电电磁脉冲及静电放电电磁脉冲的测量需求。We analyzed the measurement principle of pulse electric field with small monopole antenna, and studied the influences of antenna impedance and load impedance on the measurement index based on the equivalent circuit model. A wide band pulse electric field measurement system was designed with FET amplifier as the core device. To solve the problem that the sensitivity of the measurement system is not constant due to the change of optical power in the transmission link, the sensitivity coefficient of the measurement system was self-calibrated in real time by the integrated controllable standard square wave. Based on power management, the distortion of optical pulse waveform caused by the heating of semiconductor laser nodules was overcome. The influence of the field enhancement effect caused by the detector shell in TEM cell was discussed, and a reasonable correction method was given. The calibration results show that the system can measure the pulse front ≥600 ps, the pulse width ≤1 ms, and the dynamic range of measurement is 40 dB. Based on the combination of several measurement systems under different sensitivity coefficients, the range coverage of ±0.5 V/m~ 200 kV/m can be achieved, and it can meet the requirements of measurements for high altitude electromagnetic pulse, high-altitude electromagnetic pulse and electrostatic discharge electromagnetic pulse.

关 键 词：电磁脉冲 光纤传输 激光器温漂 电小天线 高阻放大 TEM小室 

分 类 号：TN818[电子电信—信息与通信工程] TM937[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]