玉米秸秆不同还田方式下腐解菌剂的应用效果研究  

Study on Application Effect of Microbial Decomposing Inoculum in Different Maize Straw Returning Methods

作　　者：范作伟[1] 陈帅民 李阳阳 高玉山[1] 窦金刚[1] 侯中华[1] 刘慧涛[1] 吴海燕[1] FAN Zuo-wei;CHEN Shuai-min;LI Yang-yang;GAO Yu-shan;DOU Jin-gang;HOU Zhong-hua;LIU Hui-tao;WU Hai-yan(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Research,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《玉米科学》2021年第2期109-116,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFD0300807,2018YFD0300204);国家黑土地保护利用试点项目(2019前郭)。

摘　　要：试验设置3种秸秆还田方式和2种剂型腐解菌剂处理,以秸秆离田和秸秆还田无菌剂为对照。在玉米收获后测定不同处理的秸秆腐解率、土壤养分含量、单株生物量和产量,研究还田方式对秸秆降解效果、土壤养分含量和玉米产量的影响,比较不同秸秆还田方式下腐解菌剂对秸秆腐解效果。结果表明,旋耕和深耕还田的秸秆腐解率要显著高于浅旋还田。秸秆深耕还田相较于浅旋和旋耕还田可以显著提高0~60 cm土壤有机质、速效钾含量和玉米产量。在施用腐解菌剂处理中,固体菌剂的秸秆腐解率高于液体菌剂,无显著差异。在秸秆浅旋和旋耕还田方式下,施用菌剂处理的秸秆腐解率显著高于未施用菌剂处理。在秸秆深耕还田条件下,施用菌剂显著增加了玉米单株生物量。腐解菌剂对秸秆腐解和玉米生长具有一定促进作用,在秸秆不同还田方式下腐解菌剂的应用效果存在一定差异。In this study,three straw-returning methods and two microbial decomposing inoculums treatments were established.And two control treatments were established.One is with straw return but without microbial inocu⁃lum,and the other one is without straw return or microbial inoculum.The straw decomposition rate,soil nutrient con⁃tent,maize biomass and yield of different treatments were measured after maize harvest.The results showed that the straw decomposition rate in rotary tillage and deep tillage was higher than in moldboard plowing.Deep tillage could significantly increase deep layer soil(0-60 cm)nutrient content and maize yield compared with rotary tillage and moldboard plowing.Microbial inoculum application could significantly increase straw decomposition rate in mold⁃board plowing and rotary tillage.And microbial inoculum could increase maize biomass in deep tillage.All results indicated that microbial decomposing inoculum could promote straw decomposition and maize growth,but the appli⁃cation effect was different in different straw-returning methods.

关 键 词：玉米 微生物菌剂 耕作方式 土壤养分 秸秆腐解率 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]