利用Ricker子波相移特性估计地震资料剩余相位  

Estimation of residual phase of seismic data by using the phase shift characteristics of Ricker wavelet

作　　者：刘传奇 周建科 李宾 王腾 LIU Chuanqi;ZHOU Jianke;LI Bin;WANG Teng(Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300459

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2021年第2期249-256,I0008,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中海油“十三·五”科技重点项目“渤海油田3000万吨持续稳产关键技术研究”(CNOOC-KJ 135 ZDXM36TJ)资助。

摘　　要：零相位地震资料具有分辨率高、易于解释等优点,然而最小相位假设下的反褶积处理很难保证地震资料为零相位,需通过后续技术手段估计剩余相位并做零相位校正。通过研究Ricker子波的相移特性,发现主频不同的Ricker子波在相同相位旋转下,峰值时刻存在时差,该时差与相位旋转量具有线性关系。在常相位假设下,对相位未知的地震数据做两次滤波处理,基于滤波后的数据求出同一反射界面的峰值时差,再通过峰值时差与相位的线性关系实现剩余相位的估计。该方法不受判别准则的约束,模拟合成记录和实际资料的应用结果证实了该方法的可行性和有效性。Zero-phase seismic data has the advantages of high resolution and easy interpretation.However,the deconvolution processing under the assumption of minimum phase is difficult to ensure that the seismic data is zero-phase,so it is necessary to estimate the residual phase through subsequent technical means for zero-phase correction.By studying the phase-shift characteristics of Ricker wavelet,it is found that there is a time difference at the peak time of Ricker wavelet with different dominant frequencies after rotating the same phase,which has a linear relationship with phase rotation.Under the assumption of constant phase,the seismic data with unknown phase are filtered twice,and the time difference of the same reflecting interface is calculated based on the filtered data.Then the phase estimation is realized by the linear relationship between the time difference and the phase.This method is free from the restriction of discriminant criterion.The feasibility and effectiveness of the method have been verified by synthetic records and real data.

关 键 词：Ricker子波 常相位 相位旋转 峰值时差 剩余相位估计 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]