神圣意象的建构:武术文化记忆生成的多重空间意涵  

Construction of Sacred Imagery:Multiple Spatial Implications Generated by the Memory of Martial Arts Culture

作　　者：王智慧 WANG Zhi-hui(Department of Physical Education,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Research Center for Humanistic Beijing(Humanistic Olympics),Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Research Center for Sports and Social Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学体育部,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学人文北京(人文奥运)研究中心,北京100872 [4]中国人民大学体育与社会发展研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2021年第4期153-163,共11页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中华民族传统体育文化自信的理论基础与保障机制研究”(项目编号:17BTY003)。

摘　　要：神圣意象是武术文化与中华传统文化融合的结果,也是武术文化得以赓续的根本动因。作为武术文化基因的重要组成部分,神圣意象是指生活在特定社会文化场域空间之中的人们所拥有的神圣不可侵犯的情感和观念,这种情感和观念的建立得益于对地方传统的取材和抽象符号的重构。本文采用质性研究的范式,综合运用参与式观察、深度访谈、民族志等方法对武术文化神圣意象建构及武术文化记忆生成的空间意涵进行研究,认为:1)传统与现代的结构性张力外溢是武术文化在当下意识中被区分和建构的关键;2)族群的外部边界与内部区隔,使武术文化神圣意象记忆得以固化和稳定,基于宗法制度而衍生的隔离与阶序格局,为武术文化神圣意向的传递提供场域空间;3)传统武术文化"神圣意象"的建立,是通过"天地君亲师"的文化神话和"神祖鬼运巫"的神话文化要素互构,并将中华哲学思想和文化基因植入到武术文化记忆系统而呈现,这种信仰体系的建立、强化、赓续和代际传递则要依赖于"经僧众庙像礼"6个要素互为链接得以实现;4)由"交往记忆"而衍生的"情感嵌入",使武术文化继替超越表层身体技艺传授而进入"神圣空间","交往记忆"与"文化记忆"的融合,建构了传统武术"以身体实践表达族群记忆"的神圣化叙事。Sacred imagery is the result of the fusion of martial arts culture and traditional Chinese culture,and it isalso the fundamental driving force for the continuation of the martial arts culture.As an important part of the culture genes of martial arts,sacred imagery refers to the sacred emotions and concepts held by people living in a specific social and cultural field space.The establishment of such emotions and concepts benefits from the reconstruction of local traditions and abstract symbols.This paper adopts the paradigm of qualitative research and uses themethods of participatory observation,indepth interview,ethnography etc.to study the construction of sacred imagery of the martial arts culture and the spatial implications generated by the memory of martial arts culture.This paper holds that:1)The overflow of the structural tension between tradition and modernity is the key to distinguish-ing and constructing martial arts culture in the current consciousness.2)The external boundaries and internal divisions of ethnic groups can solidify and stabilize the memory of sacred imagery of martial arts culture.The segrega-tion and the order patterns derived from the patriarchal system provide a field space for the transmission of sacredimagery of martial arts culture.3)The establishment of the"sacred imagery"of traditional martial arts culture is toimplant Chinese philosophical thoughts and culture into the memory system of martial arts through the culturalmyths of"heaven,earth,king,elders,teachers"and the mythological cultural elements of"god,ancestor,soul,fate,wizard".The establishment,strengthening,continuation and popularization of this belief system depend onthe six interlinked elements of"classics,preachers,believers,temples,statues,ceremonies".4)The"emotionalembedding"derived from the"communicative memory"enables the martial arts culture’s inheritance and substitution to go beyond the superficial body skills and enter the"sacred space".The fusion of"communicative memory"and"cultural memory"constructs the sacr

关 键 词：交往记忆 文化记忆 集体记忆 传统武术 传承人 乡土秩序 现代性 信仰机制 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]