厦门市新型冠状病毒肺炎境外输入病例与本土病例特点对比分析  

Comparative analysis of characteristics of imported cases from abroad and local cases infected with COVID-19 in Xiamen

作　　者：罗文[1] 林益华[1] 伍定辉[2] 姚向阳[2] 卢芳 王占祥[3] Luo Wen;Lin Yihua;Wu Dinghui;Yao Xiangyang;Lu Fang;Wang Zhanxiang(Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,China;Department of Pulmonary,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,China;Department of Dean′s Office,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院呼吸与危重症医学科,361000 [2]厦门大学附属第一医院肺科,361000 [3]厦门大学附属第一医院院长办公室,3610001

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2021年第8期591-596,共6页International Journal of Respiration

基　　金：厦门市科学技术局新型冠状病毒应急攻关项目(3502Z2020YJ05)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨厦门市收治的境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)病例的临床特点。方法:横断面研究。纳入2020年1月20日至10月31日厦门市COVID-19唯一定点收治医院厦门大学附属第一医院收治的所有113例COVID-19患者,分为境外输入病例组(78例)和本土病例组(35例),分析2组患者在临床症状、合并症、实验室检查、新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果、胸部CT及治疗等方面的差异。结果:厦门市共收治了113例COVID-19患者。在年龄上,本土病例组以14~65岁居多,占68.6%,境外输入病例组以14~40岁居多,占66.7%,2组间年龄比较差异有统计学意义(t=6.5109,P<0.0010)。本土病例组患者常见的症状为发热(80.0%)、咳嗽(51.4%)、咳痰(28.6%)、畏寒/寒颤(22.9%)。境外输入病例组患者常见的症状为咳嗽(16.7%)、咽痛(11.5%)、鼻塞流涕(10.3%)、发热(9.0%)。境外输入病例组发热比例比本土病例组低(9.0%比80.0%,P<0.0001)。与本土病例组相比,境外输入病例组入院前后24 h内血常规淋巴细胞计数更高,入院前后24 h内C-反应蛋白更低。境外输入病例组CURB-65评分、PSI评分及COVID-19严重程度分级均轻于本土病例组(P值均<0.05)。结论:厦门地区COVID-19的境外输入病例严重程度轻于本土病例,且症状更不典型,故更应注意筛查出此类患者。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients from abroad infected with COVID-19 in Xiamen.Methods Cross-sectional study.From January 20,2020 to October 31,2020,the clinical characteristics of all 113 patients confirmed with COVID-19 admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,which was the only designated hospital for cases of COVID-19 in Xiamen,were analyzed.Patients were divided into imported case group(n=78)and local case group(n=35).The differences of clinical symptoms,complications,laboratory examination,detection results of novel coronavirus nucleic acid,lung CT and treatment between the two groups were analyzed.Results A total of 113 COVID-19 patients were treated in Xiamen.Compared with the local case group,the age of the local case group was mainly from 14 to 65 years old,accounting for 68.6%;the age of the imported case group was mainly from 14 to 40 years old,accounting for 66.7%.There was a significant difference in age between the two groups(t=6.5109,P<0.0010).The common symptoms in the local case group were fever(80.0%),cough(51.4%),expectoration(28.6%)and chills(22.9%),while the common symptoms of imported case were cough(16.7%),throat hurt(11.5%),nasal obstruction(10.3%)and fever(9.0%).The proportion of fever in imported case was lower than that in local case(9.0%vs 80.0%,P<0.0001).Compared with the local case group,the imported case group had higher lymphocyte count,lower C-reactive protein within 24 hours before and after admission(both P<0.01).The CURB-65 score,PSI score and COVID-19 severity of the imported group were lower than that of local case group(all P<0.05).Conclusions The imported cases of COVID-19 in Xiamen were less severe than local cases,and the imported cases symptoms were more atypical.Therefore,we should pay more attention to screening such patients.

关 键 词：肺炎 新型冠状病毒 临床特点 境外输入 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]