从形式、行为到事件:话语分析作为解构策略  

From Form,Act to Event:Discourse Analysis as a Deconstructive Strategy

作　　者：王文博[1] WANG Wenbo(School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期120-126,共7页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目(17YJC752016)。

摘　　要：20世纪对于语言的探讨,经历了形式语言学、行为语言学和事件语言学三个阶段,分别把语言作为语言符号、言语行为和话语事件。话语语言学将语言作为事件,突出了话语事件的独一性、异质性、或然性。米歇尔·福柯、芭芭拉·赫恩斯坦·史密斯、海登·怀特等人的解构实践依赖于挖掘话语事件背后的异质因素,凸显了话语分析作为解构策略和路径的潜能。话语分析作为一种解构批评的方法和路径,在多重因素的复杂交互系统中分析事物,反对二分法和一元论,其具体的解构路径是经验路径,通过发掘一个总体性框架无法涵盖不能通约的边界案例形成了对其的解构。The study of language in the 20th century experienced three stages—formal linguistics,behavioral linguistics and event linguistics,which respectively regard language as language signs,speech acts and discourse events.By taking language as an event,discourse linguistics highlights the uniqueness,heterogeneity and contingency of discourse events.The deconstruction practice of Michel Foucault,Barbara Herrnstein Smith,Hayden White and others relies on the exploration of heterogeneous factors behind discourse events,highlighting the potential of discourse analysis as a deconstruction strategy and path.Discourse analysis,as a method and path of deconstructive criticism,analyzes things in a complex interactive system with multiple factors and opposes dichotomy and monism.Its specific deconstruction path is the empirical path.It forms the deconstruction by exploring boundary cases that cannot be covered and commensurable by an overall framework.

关 键 词：形式语言学 行为语言学 事件语言学 话语分析 解构 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]