不同植物净化富营养化水体的效果和群落分析  

Effect of Different Plants on Purification of Eutrophic Water Bodies and Community Analysis

作　　者：张择瑞 李卫华 胡淑恒[3] 汪家权[3] ZHANG Ze-rui;LI Wei-hua;HU Shu-heng;WANG Jia-quan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Hefei 230601,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]环境污染控制与废弃物资源化利用安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230601 [3]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第7期78-84,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41372246);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07103-004)。

摘　　要：为发掘高效净化富营养化水体的新型浮床植物,使生态浮床技术能够更好地服务于污染水体的治理,探究了不同浮床植物处理条件下各水体浮游植物群落和微生物群落的差异。在室外条件下,以绿萝、万年青和皇冠草作为试验植物,对人工配制的富营养化污水进行48 d的处理,比较植物生长情况和净化效果,分析浮游植物和微生物群落结构和多样性。结果表明,3种植物都能存活,万年青根系发达,生物量增加较多。4个水箱内溶解性磷(DP)、TN、TOC的降解趋势一致。试验结束后,万年青组能显著抑制水体中藻类生长,藻密度含量较低,藻的种类单一。万年青组对DP、TN、TOC的去除速率较快,效果较好,去除率分别为95.0%、97.57%和92.53%。藻类的吸收利用是对照组各污染指标下降的主要原因。New floating bed plants with high purification efficiency to eutrophic water bodies were explored.The differences of phytoplankton communities and microbial communities in water bodies purified by different floating bed plants were investigated,which aimed to promote the application of ecological floating bed technology in polluted water body treatment.Artificially prepared eutrophic sewage was treated by Epipremnum aureum,Rohdea japonica and Echinodorus grisebachii in an outdoor environment for 48 days.The plant growth and purification efficiency were compared,and the structure and diversity of phytoplankton and microbial communities were analyzed.All the three plants could survive,and the root system of Rohdea japonica developed well and its biomass increased obviously.The degradation trends of dissolved phosphate(DP),TN and TOC in four water tanks were identical.At the end of the experiment,the Rohdea japonica group could significantly inhibit the growth of algae in the water body with low algae density and single algae species.In Rohdea japonica group,the removal rates of DP,TN,and TOC were relatively fast and the purification performance was better,in which the removal efficiency was 95.0%,97.57%,and 92.53%,respectively.Pollutants absorption and utilization of algae was the main reason for the decrease of various pollution indicators in the control group.

关 键 词：富营养化 浮床植物 群落分析 万年青 绿萝 皇冠草 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]