装载机工作装置载荷数据模型与载荷谱编制  

Load Data Model and Spectrum Compilation of Loader Working Device

作　　者：万一品 宋绪丁[1] 员征文[2] 田维波 WAN Yipin;SONG Xuding;YUAN Zhengwen;TIAN Weibo(The Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE,Chang'an University Xi'an,710061,China;Engineering Machinery Research Institute of Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Xuzhou,221004,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室,西安710061 [2]徐工集团江苏徐州工程机械研究院,徐州221004

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2021年第2期304-310,412,共8页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAF07B02);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目(300102259304);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JQ-283)。

摘　　要：为了研究装载机工作装置载荷数据模型和载荷谱特性,以动臂板上截面弯矩为中间变量,确定工作装置当量外载荷。以LW900K装载机实测铰点载荷为依据,建立了核密度估计和参数分布估计两种当量外载荷数据模型,编制了疲劳试验载荷谱并进行了损伤验证。核密度估计模型和参数分布模型都能够获取工作装置载荷谱,参数分布模型载荷谱损伤结果明显偏小,核密度估计模型载荷谱损伤结果计算得到的焊接位置处疲劳寿命更接近疲劳设计寿命3×10^(4)h。结果表明:核密度估计模型获得的载荷谱损伤结果更接近实际,其以雨流矩阵为基础,能够弥补参数分布模型中分布拟合对低频数大载荷影响弱化的不足,更能反映被估计总体数据的真实特征。建立的载荷数据模型和编制的载荷谱结果为装载机工作装置疲劳寿命预测提供依据。In order to study the load data model and load spectrum characteristics of the loader working device,the cross-section bending moment of the moving arm plate is introduced as the intermediate variable of the equivalent external load of the working device. Based on the measured load of LW900K loader,two equivalent load data models,namely the nuclear density estimation and parameter distribution estimation,are established. The fatigue test load spectrum is compiled and the fatigue damage verification test is carried out. The load spectrum of the working device can be obtained both by the kernel density estimation model and the parameter distribution model. Furthermore,the damage of parameter distribution model is much smaller while the fatigue life of the welding position calculated based on the load spectrum damage of the nuclear density estimation model is closer to the designed life of 3×10^(4) hours. The results show that the damage results obtained by the nuclear density estimation model are closer to the reality. Based on the rainflow matrix,the load spectrum obtained by the nuclear density estimation model can make up for the weakening effect of distribution fitting in parameter distribution model on low frequency and large load,and can better reflect the real characteristics. The established data model and spectrum results provide a basis for fatigue life prediction and reliability test of loader working device.

关 键 词：装载机 工作装置 载荷数据模型 载荷谱 疲劳损伤 

分 类 号：TH243.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]