空间应用激光干涉测距技术发展综述  

Review of High Precision Distance Metrology in Space Applications

作　　者：王芸[1,2] 林栩凌 郭忠凯[3] 吴金贵 彭博 郑永超[1] 王小勇 WANG Yun;LIN Xuling;GUO Zhongkai;WU Jingui;PENG Bo;ZHENG Yongchao;WANG Xiaoyong(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Academy of Mathematics and System,CAS,Beijing 100190,China;School of Mathematical Science,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics,Institute of Physics,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Theoretical Physics,CAS,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [2]先进光学遥感技术北京市重点实验室,北京100094 [3]中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院,北京100190 [4]首都师范大学数学科学学院,北京100048 [5]中国科学院理论物理前沿重点实验室,北京100190 [6]中国科学院理论物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2021年第2期68-78,共11页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

摘　　要：近年来,长基线高精度激光干涉距离测量技术的空间应用,为空间引力波探测(天琴计划、太极计划、LISA计划)、系外生命探测(觅音计划)、先进重力场测量(GRACE Follow-on)等大科学计划,以及高精度多星组网技术的实现提供了不可或缺的条件。ESA研制的星间激光干涉测距仪随GRACE Follow-on卫星于2018年5月发射实现了在轨应用,能够在220km距离上实现1nm@100mHz的测距精度,代表了目前远距离星间测距的最高水平;此外,ESA和NASA正在联合开展百万千米距离上pm量级精度的超高精度激光测距研究。高精度星间激光干涉测距是空间科学与空间技术的发展方向和迫切需求,是国际航天强国竞逐的制高点,属于国际最先进的前沿技术之一。文章紧跟空间应用高精度距离测量技术发展趋势,调研国内外该领域的研究进展,梳理、识别星间长基线nm量级、pm量级高精度激光干涉测距的关键技术,为支持中国未来pm量级星间激光干涉测量系统研究,抢占星间高精度测量领域的制高点提供参考。Long baseline distance measurement technology based on laser interferometry in space application has provided an indispensable condition for a serial of comprehensive science plans,for instance,space-based gravitational wave detection plans Tianqin,Taiji and LISA,terrestrial planet finder Miyin,gravity mission GRACE Follow-on,etc..The inter-satellite laser interferometer in ESA project GRACE Follow-on has been launched and applied,providing a state-of-the-art precision of 1 nm@100 mHz on the distance of 220 km.With the future precision of pm level on the distance of millions of kilometers,ESA and NASA are leading the frontier technology in this area.High precision distance metrology has been required as the commanding height for international competition.This paper followed the trend of the high precision metrology and related research achievements,summarized key technologies of long baseline inter-satellite metrologies of nm and pm precision,providing a reference for the leading technology to our future research.

关 键 词：干涉测量 高精度距离测量 激光外差 星间测距 航天遥感 

分 类 号：V445[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]