伊犁河流域新疆裸重唇鱼寄生三代虫的感染情况及空间分布  

Infection and spatial distribution of parasitic Gyrodactylus in Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in the Ili River basin

作　　者：张文润 郝翠兰[1] 容梦婕 喀迪尔丁·艾尔肯 穆妮热·喀迪尔 田胜利 刘彦君 高仕文 王璐瑶 岳城[1] ZHANG Wen-run;HAO Cui-lan;RONG Meng-jie;KA Di-erding;MU Ni-re;TIAN Sheng-li;LIU Yan-jun;GAO Shi-wen;WANG Lu-yao;YUE Cheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumchi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第3期35-40,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860738,31960737);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01B56)。

摘　　要：2019年对新疆伊犁河流域巩乃斯河段鱼类进行寄生虫病原调查过程中发现,在新疆裸重唇鱼(Gymnodiptychus dybowskii)体表有三代虫寄生,经形态学特征及分子生物学鉴定确定为同一种三代虫,定为新种(暂未公布)。为了解该三代虫在新疆裸重唇鱼鳍条上的寄生特点,运用统计学方法对新疆裸重唇鱼鳍条寄生三代虫的感染情况及空间分布特点进行分析。结果显示:在检查的69尾新疆裸重唇鱼中,共检出459只同种三代虫,总感染率和平均感染丰度分别为91.3%和(6.65±5.24);统计三代虫在各个鳍条的感染率,腹鳍的感染率最高为78%,尾鳍感染率最低为41%,在宿主胸鳍与尾鳍之间的感染强度差异显著;三代虫随着宿主体长的增大,其感染率、感染丰度和强度逐渐上升,在14~19 cm体长组达到最高,不同大小的宿主其感染强度之间差异显著。结果表明,新疆裸重唇鱼寄生三代虫对宿主体长及鳍条具有一定的选择偏好性,更偏好寄生于体长14~19 cm的宿主的胸鳍。三代虫在宿主种群中的分布类型为聚集分布和均匀分布。During a parasitic pathogen survey of fishes in the Gongnai River section of the Ili River basin in Xinjiang in 2019,Gyrodactylus parasiticus was found from the body surface of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii.Morphological characteristics and molecular biology identified the parasites as the same Gyrodactylus designated as a new species(not yet published).The results were statistically analyzed to understand the infection of this Gyrodactylus in G.dybowskii fins and the characteristics of the parasite sites.Among the 69 fishes of G.dybowskii examined,459 parasites of homozygous Gyrodactylus were detected,with an overall infection rate of 91.3%and mean infection abundance of 6.65±5.24.The infection rate of this Gyrodactylus in each fin was counted,and the highest infection rates in the ventral fins were 78%,respectively.The lowest infection rate of 41%was found in the caudal fin,and the infection intensities were significantly different between the pectoral and caudal fins of the host.The infection rate,infection abundance and power of Gyrodactylus were enhanced gradually with the increase of host body lengthand maximized in the 14~19 cm body length segment.The infection intensities differed significantly among hosts of different sizes.Hence,Gyrodactylus parasitized G.dybowskii with a specific selective preference for host body length and fins,and preferred to parasitize hosts with body length 14~19 cm and pectoral fins.The distribution type of Gyrodactylus in the host populations was the aggregated and uniform distribution.

关 键 词：新疆裸重唇鱼(Gymnodiptychus dybowskii) 三代虫 感染情况 空间分布 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖]