12种中药及其组方对3种水产致病菌的抑菌作用  

Antimicrobial effects of 12 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines and their combinations on three pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture

作　　者：杨培奎[1] 林敏[1] 张振霞[1] 查广才[1] 郑玉忠[1] YANG Pei-kui;LIN Min;ZHANG Zhen-xia;CHA Guang-cai;ZHENG Yu-zhong(School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou 521041,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生命科学与食品工程学院,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第3期68-73,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：潮州市科技计划项目(2019GY01);韩山师范学院博士启动项目(QD20190116);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金青年基金项目(2019A15151100981);广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(2019KTSCX101);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2019198)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出对嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)、副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)和溶藻弧菌(V.alginolyticus)有抗菌效果的安全药物,本实验采用琼脂扩散法和二倍稀释法测定了12种中药的抑菌效果,同时以“棋盘法+中药互配”研究了对上述致病菌具有较强协同抑制作用的药物组合。结果显示:12种中药对3种供试病原菌均具有不同程度的抑菌效果,丁香、罗汉果、山茱萸、五味子和八角的抑菌作用较强,其抑菌圈直径达到17~44 mm,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)<2.031 mg/mL,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)<4.062 mg/mL;其中,山茱萸的抑菌作用最显著,对嗜水气单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌的MIC分别为0.172、0.043、0.086 mg/mL。互配实验结果表明,10种不同的药物组合对嗜水气单胞菌的联合抑菌作用具有显著协同作用;而大部分药物组合对副溶血弧菌的抑菌效果表现为无相关作用,仅五味子和八角对副溶血弧菌的组合效果表现为协同作用。另外,丁香和罗汉果对副溶血弧菌的组合效果表现为拮抗作用。10种中药组合对溶藻弧菌的联合抑菌效果均表现为协同作用。The anti-bacterial effects of 12 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine on 3 kinds of pathogenic bacteria were determined by the agar diffusion method and the double dilution method to screen out safe drugs with antimicrobial effects against Aeromonas hydrophila,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus.The drug combination with strong synergistic inhibitory effect on the above-mentioned pathogenic bacteria was studied by“checkerboard method+traditional Chinese medicine mutual matching”.The results showed that 12 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines were found to have to some extent anti-bacterial effects on the three tested pathogens.Eugenia caryophyllata,Siraitia grosvenorii,Cornus officinalis,Schisandra chinensis,Illicium verum had the most potent anti-bacterial effect,with a diameter of 17~44 mm,MIC<2.031 mg/mL,MBC<4.062 mg/mL.The most apparent anti-bacterial effect on Aeromonas hydrophila,V.parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus was C.Flos,with MICs of 0.172 mg/mL and 0.043 mg/mL,0.086 mg/mL.Compatibility experiment results showed that the combined anti-bacterial effects of 10 different drug combinations on A.hydrophila were all significantly synergistic.While most drug combinations had no relevant impact on the anti-bacterial impact of V.parahaemolyticus,only the combined effect of S.chinensis and I.verum on V.parahaemolyticus was synergistic.In addition,the combined impact of C.Flos and Siraitiae Fructus on V.parahaemolyticus showed antagonism.The combined anti-bacterial effects of 10 Chinese medicine combinations on V.alginolyticus all showed synergistic effects.

关 键 词：中药 嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila) 副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus) 溶藻弧菌(V.alginolyticus) 抑菌 棋盘法 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]