养老机构居住空间老年人视觉舒适距离及颜色偏好分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Visual Comfort Distances and Colors Preference of the Elderly People in Living Space of Pension Service Institutions

作　　者：付瑶[1] 王梓通 惠荣 马欣怡 FU Yao;WANG Zitong;HUI Rong;MA Xinyi(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang,China,110168;Hu′nan Branch of China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Changsha,China,410000;School of Architecture,The University of Sheffield,Sheffield,England,S102TN)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司湖南分公司,湖南长沙410000 [3]谢菲尔德大学建筑学院,英国谢菲尔德S102TN

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期338-345,共8页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678372);辽宁省"兴辽人才计划"创新领军人才项目(tpjs2019001)。

摘　　要：目的研究沈阳地区养老机构居住空间中距离长短对老年人看电视时行为的视觉舒适性影响,以及老人对不同颜色喜好程度的偏爱。方法通过设计皮电反射实验和眼动仪实验,采用主观问卷调查方法,分别获取老年人不同距离、不同颜色的生理反馈数据和主观评价结果。采用统计学非参数检验和方差检验,对比分析不同距离下老年人的舒适情况以及不同颜色的喜好程度。结果通过调查和实验统计分析结果表明,1.6 m、1.9 m、2.2 m、2.5 m、2.8 m的老年人主观舒适评价和皮电反馈数据具有明显统计学差异;0.9 m和1.2 m的距离差值具有明显生理和主观不舒适;红、橙、青、绿、蓝等9种颜色中老年人主观喜好程度具有统计学差异,眼动生理数据不具有统计学差异。结论距离越远老年人不舒适感越强;距离差值越大,老年人不舒适感越强烈;老年人对于橙色、绿色、红色、黄色的喜好程度强于其他颜色。This paper studies the influence of distances on the visual comfort of the elderly people when watching TV and to study the preference of different colors to the elderly people,direct at the elderly people in living space of pension service institutions.We used the subjective questionnaire method and designed the electrodermal activity(EDA)experiment and the eye tracker experiment.The experiments to obtain the EDA and subjective evaluation results data of different distances and different colors for the elderly people.We compared and analyzed the comfort of the elderly at different distances and the degree of preference for different colors,using statistical nonparametric test and variance test.The results of survey and experimental statistical analysis show that there are significant statistical differences in the subjective comfort evaluation and the EDA data of the elderly at 1.6 m,1.9 m,2.2 m,2.5 m,and 2.8 m.Obvious physical discomfort and subjective discomfort when the distance change value is 0.9 m and 1.2 m.There are statistical differences in the subjective preference forthe elderly people in 9 colors such as red,orange,cyan,green and blue,and no statistical differences in physiological indexes of the eye tracker.The conclusion shows that the longer the distance and the more intensely discomfort of the elderly people,the greater the distance change value and the more intensely discomfort of the elderly,and the elderly people prefer orange,green,red,and yellow to other colors.

关 键 词：视觉舒适距离 颜色偏好 养老居住空间 EDA 眼动生理指标 

分 类 号：TU114[建筑科学—建筑理论]