海洋生物诞生过程、新资源发掘与高值利用  

THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF MARINE LIFE,THE DISCOVERY AND HIGH-VALUE UTILIZATION OF NEW RESOURCES

作　　者：刘建国[1,2,3] 刘洋 王海艳[1,3] 庞通[1,2,3] 肖永双[1,2,3] 杨娜[1,2,3] LIU Jian-Guo;LIU Yang;WANG Hai-Yan;PANG Tong;XIAO Yong-Shuang;YANG Na(Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology,Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学重点实验室海洋生物分类与演化实验室,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室,青岛266237 [3]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2021年第2期537-550,共14页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B)资助项目,XDB42000000号;中国科学院国际合作局国际伙伴计划资助项目,GJHZ2039号;国家自然科学基金资助项目,32071577号;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室蓝色生命重大成果支持计划资助项目,MS2019NO01号。

摘　　要：本文以46亿年来地球、海洋及生命的形成与演化为主线,简要回顾了生命体由简单到复杂、从低级向高级、从水生到陆生逐级演化的历史进程,以及重大环境变化事件对生物毁灭性灭绝、生物适应与多样性演化的影响,阐明海洋尤其热带海洋在生命诞生、孕育及庇护等过程中所发挥的不可替代作用。同时,分析了热带海洋生物资源多样性中心形成的重要自然环境因素及可能机制。并针对印太交汇区深海极端环境微生物生态系统、浅海典型的海草/藻床、珊瑚礁、生物多样性和热带渔业资源,论述了热带海洋生物多样性资源的保护、发掘与高值开发利用。Based on the origin and evolution of the earth,ocean,and life in the past 4.6 billion years,authors provided a brief review of the life evolution from simple cells to complex organisms and from water to land,and presented the impacts of historical events leading to adaptation,speciation,and extinction,and illustrated the irreplaceable roles played by the ocean,especially tropical oceans,as the birthplace,nurturing ground,and shelter for life.Meanwhile,authors explored the major environmental factors contributing to the formation and maintenance of tropical marine biodiversity,and discussed the conservation and sustainable utilization of high-value resources in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region pertinent to the microbial ecosystems in the harsh deep seawater,the classic seagrass meadows in the neritic zone,the biodiverse coral reefs,and the tropical fishery industries.

关 键 词：生物资源多样性 适应演化 鱼类 贝类 珊瑚礁 海草/藻床 发掘利用 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学] Q178.53[天文地球—海洋科学]