国家公园基于社区居民利益诉求的社区发展路径探讨  

Discussion on the Development Path of National Park Community Based on the Interests of Community Residents

作　　者：李爽 李博炎 刘伟玮 付梦娣[1] 任月恒 朱彦鹏[1] LI Shuang;LI Boyan;LIU Weiwei;FU Mengdi;REN Yueheng;ZHU Yanpeng(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2021年第3期320-327,共8页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家发展和改革委员会项目(2018-HX-348)。

摘　　要：以9个国家公园试点内社区居民为研究对象,从社区居民对国家公园建立的态度、主要利益诉求以及二者间的关系出发,探讨国家公园社区发展路径。结果表明:社区居民对建立国家公园的态度以支持为主;在国家公园建设过程中,社区居民的关注点主要在自身发展方面,对国家公园的保护关注度较低;社区居民支持国家公园建立的主要驱动力是获得更多经济利益;社区居民利益诉求与国家公园管理目标既有一致性,又有差异性。因此,从鼓励社区居民参与建设管理、提升社区居民就业能力、完善生态补偿机制、推进社区产业绿色发展这4个方面提出国家公园社区发展的具体路径。⑴Background——It is difficult to coordinate ecological protection and community development in the process of national park construction in China.Therefore,exploring community development strategies based on the interests of community residents will be of great practical significance to coordinate the contradiction between ecological protection and community development of national parks and realize the unity of the two.⑵Methods——Based on a combination of field interviews and questionnaire surveys,the attitudes and main interests of community residents of 9 national parks were investigated.Then,statistical analysis is used to analyze the community residents'attitude towards the establishment of national parks and the three main interest demands of community residents in the establishment of national parks.⑶Results——First of all,the community residents of 9 national parks are mainly middle-aged,with relatively low education level and low income.Their attitude towards the establishment of national parks is mainly supported.Among the 9 national parks,the community residents support more than 90%in 6,more than 95%in 3,and the lowest support rate of national parks is nearly 80%,but 8 of the 9 national park community residents'main appeals are all development appeals.The main focus of the community residents in the construction of the national park is on their own development.And gaining more economy interest is the main driving force for its support for the establishment of national parks,but community residents have low interest in conservation.Secondly,in terms of development demands,community residents are most concerned about the establishment of national parks increasing residents'income and employment opportunities.And the residents pay more attention to a variety of compensation options such as tax relief,micro-credit,and priority employment and other preferential policies.All the interest appeals are relative to interest of the residents.However,the community residents are less concerned about

关 键 词：利益诉求 社区发展 国家公园 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]