水泥水化产物——水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)的研究进展  

Advances in the Understanding of Cement Hydrate—Calcium Silicate Hydrate(C-S-H)

作　　者：刘新 冯攀 沈叙言 王浩川 赵立晓 穆松 冉千平 缪昌文[1] LIU Xin;FENG Pan;SHEN Xuyan;WANG Haochuan;ZHAO Lixiao;MU Song;RAN Qianping;MIAO Changwen(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials,Nanjing 210008,China;Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏省土木工程材料重点实验室,南京211189 [2]高性能土木工程材料国家重点实验室,南京210008 [3]江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司,南京211103

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第9期9157-9167,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51890904,1706222,51708108,51708483);高性能土木工程材料国家重点实验室开放基金(2018CEM001)。

摘　　要：水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)作为水泥基材料的主要水化产物,决定着水泥基材料的强度发展、收缩、徐变和结构的服役寿命,被称为水泥基材料的"基因"。对C-S-H组成、结构和性能的充分认识有助于理解水泥基材料微结构的形成机理,进而对其性能进行自下而上的设计和调控。近年来先进测试和分析技术的发展为C-S-H基本性能的研究提供了新思路。C-S-H的成核生长理论、力学性能提升以及形貌调控等逐渐成为当前研究热点,已取得重要进展。学者们大多采用合成的方法制备体系纯净且具有一定结晶度的C-S-H,并以此研究水泥体系中无定形C-S-H凝胶的基本性能。研究发现,双分解合成C-S-H的成核生长过程中存在球形中间体,其最终转化为箔片状形貌的产物,遵循非经典的成核生长方式。在亚粒子尺度,越来越多的结构信息表明,与尖乃石相比,C-S-H的结构与托贝莫来石更为接近;在粒子尺度上,CM凝胶系列模型被广泛应用于解释C-S-H比表面积等物理参数以及水泥基材料收缩徐变的机理。C-S-H的Ca/Si、含水量、硅链聚合程度以及形貌等微纳结构的广泛研究为建立C-S-H微纳结构与宏观性能之间的联系提供了丰富的数据支撑。对C-S-H进行本征结构调控有望从根本上改善水泥基材料韧性差的力学特征,许多学者试图从孔结构调控、有机和无机复合材料构建以及纳米材料改性等方面提升C-S-H的力学性能,取得了一定突破。本文系统总结了C-S-H的合成方法、成核生长理论、结构模型;主要从Ca/Si、含水量、硅链聚合程度以及形貌四个方面综述了C-S-H的微纳结构;围绕形貌和力学性能介绍了C-S-H的调控和设计方法;分析了目前存在的研究不足并提出了未来的发展方向,以期为全面认识C-S-H以及水泥基材料的性能调控提供借鉴。As a major hydration product,calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)determines the properties of cementitious materials from every perspective including strength development,shrinkage,creep,and durability.Thus C-S-H is often considered as the“gene”of cementitious materials.Therefore,a comprehensive knowledge of the compositions,structures and performances of C-S-H would advance our understanding of the intrinsic properties and microstructure development of cementitious materials,thereby the macro performances of cement-based materials can be better controlled and even designed from the bottom up accordingly.In recent years,the development of the advanced characterization and analytical technology provides novel and inspiring methods to the investigation of the C-S-H.Great achievements have been made through an increa-sing number of literatures,which have reported the theories on the nucleation and growth,the improvement on mechanical properties together with morphology controlling of C-S-H.Synthetic C-S-H which is relatively pure and with higher crystallinity is usually favored by researchers than the amorphous C-S-H gel in cementitious materials.It is demonstrated that the globular C-S-H is observed in the nucleating and growing course of C-S-H synthesized by double decomposition reaction which later on transforms to foil-like C-S-H as the final product,in line with the non-classical nucleation and growth pathway.At sub-particle level,more and more evidences suggest that C-S-H structure is closer to that of tobermorite rather than jennite.At particle level,CM colloidal models are widely used to explain the physical properties,such as specific surface area,and behaviors of the shrinkage and creep of cement-based materials.The extensive investigations on the characteristic parameters of C-S-H,including Ca/Si,the content of water,silicate chain structure and morphology provide more information for the establishment of the relationship between features at the micro/nano level and properties at macroscopic scale.Addition

关 键 词：水化硅酸钙(C-S-H) 成核生长 模型 微纳结构 力学性能提升 

分 类 号：TQ172.11[化学工程—水泥工业] TU528.01[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]