水盐胁迫对早熟棉花品种“中棉619”幼苗生长的影响  

The Effects of Water and Salt Stresses on Growth of Seedlings of Cotton Variety Zhongmian 619

作　　者：杨莹攀 孙文君 付媛媛 王洪博 曹辉 蒋富昌 王兴鹏[1,2] YANG Yingpan;SUN Wenjun;FU Yuanyuan;WANG Hongbo;CAO Hui;JIANG Fuchang;WANG Xingpeng(College of Water Resource and Architecture Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China;College of Plant Science,Tarim Univercity,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第5期39-45,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFC0400208);兵团科技攻关项目(2018AB027);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2019G265)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究水盐胁迫对无膜种植的早熟棉种"中棉619"幼苗生长的耐盐、耐旱性的影响。【方法】试验在人工气候室内进行,共设置I1(1.0 ET)、I2(0.8 ET)、I3(0.6 ET)3个水分处理,和T1(50 mmol/L)、T2(100mmol/L)、T3(150mmol/L)3个盐分处理,并以1.0ET无盐处理为对照(CK),研究了水盐胁迫对棉花幼苗株高、叶面积、根系生物量、叶绿素量(SPAD值)、光合参数及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。【结果】当灌水定额相同时,棉花幼苗株高、叶面积、SPAD值、根鲜质量及根干质量随含盐量的增加而减小,而当盐分相同时棉花幼苗各项指标随灌水定额的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势;在水盐交互作用下,I2T1处理的棉花株高、叶面积、SPAD值、根鲜质量及根干质量,较CK分别增加了33.74%、29.79%、18.96%、128.70%、28.20%;I2T1处理的棉花光合参数及绿素荧光参数最优。【结论】从棉花幼苗生长及生理指标综合分析,灌水定额为0.8 ET、盐分为50 mmol/L最适于早熟棉种"中棉619"幼苗的生长。【Background】Cotton production in southern Xinjiang had heavily relied on plastic-film mulching due to its freshwater scarcity,but its long-term application has resulted in soil deterioration,reducing cotton yield and quality.How to alleviate these detrimental impacts of plastic-film mulching has become an urgent issue in sustaining cotton production in southern Xinjiang.The newly bred Zhongmian 619 has proven promising as it is early-mature and does not need mulching.Not mulching,however,increases soil evaporation and salt accumulation,thereby suppressing seed germination and its subsequent growth.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to investigate how water and salt stresses due to removal of the mulch combine to affect the growth of Zhongmian 619 during its seedling stage,in attempts to find a suitable irrigation scheduling for it.【Method】The experiment was carried out in an artificial climate room,comprising three water treatments:100%(I1),80%(I2)and 60%of evapotranspiration(ET),and three salt stresses which were created by irrigating saline water with concentration 50 mmol/L(T1),100 mmol/L(T2)and 150 mmol/L(T3)respectively.Irrigation at 100%of ET with freshwater was taken as control(CK).In each treatment,we measured the changes in height,leaf area,root biomass,chlorophyll content(SPAD),photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence of the cotton seedlings.【Result】When irrigation amount was the same,increasing salt stress suppressed plant elongation and leaf growth;it also reduced SPAD,and fresh and dry root weights.When salt stress was the same,all above traits increased with irrigation amount first,followed by a decline when the irrigation amount exceeded a threshold.Compared with CK,I2+T1 treatment increased plant height,leaf area,SPAD,fresh and dry root weights by 33.74%,29.79%,18.96%,128.70%and 28.20%,respectively;its photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were the best among all treatments.【Conclusion】Irrigating 80%of the evapotranspiration with saline water

关 键 词：水盐胁迫 早熟棉花 中棉619 幼苗 光合 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]