《民法典》第926条(间接代理)评注  

Commentary on Article 926 of Civil Code(Indirect Agency)

作　　者：胡东海[1] Hu Dong-hai

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（法学版）》2021年第2期95-111,共17页Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition

基　　金：中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:2722019JCG029)。

摘　　要：间接代理由两个相互独立的合同组成,其法律问题依合同相对性原理便可解决,但在特定情形下法律若不设特别规则,将不利于其经济目的的实现。针对受托人不履行义务的特定情形,《民法典》第926条分别赋予委托人和第三人对彼此的请求权,旨在保障其经济利益的实现。在大陆法系的理论脉络中,本条依效果标准属于间接代理。委托人可决定是否行使介入权,若委托人行使介入权,发生债权让与效果,受托人对第三人的合同权利移转给委托人。第三人可选择受托人或委托人作为相对人主张权利,若第三人选择委托人主张权利,发生债务承担效果,受托人对第三人的合同债务移转给委托人。依债权让与或债务承担原理,在委托人行使介入权或第三人选择委托人时,相对方可主张相应的抗辩。本条在证明责任分配上适用"谁主张谁举证"规则。Indirect agency is composed of two independent contracts.Although its legal problems can be solved according to the principle of contract relativity,it is not conducive to the realisation of the economic purpose from indirect agency if there are no special rules in specific circumstances.In view of the specific circumstance when the agent fails to perform its obligations,article 926 of the Civil Code aims to endow the principal or the third party with the right of claim to each other and ensure the realisation of economic interests.In the theory context of civil law system,this article refers to indirect agency according to the effect standard.The principal can independently decide whether or not to exercise the right of intervention.If the principal exercises the right of intervention,the result of assignment of credit occurs with the contractual right of the agent to the third party shall be transferred to the principal.The third party can choose the agent or the principal as the counterpart to claim right.If the third party choose the principal,the debt assumption occurs,the debt of the agencies transferred to the principal.According to the rules of assignment of credit or debt assumption,when the principal exercises the right of intervention or the third party chooses the principal to claim rights,the opposite party may claim the corresponding defense.The distribution of burden of proof about this article shall subjects to the rule"who claims,who proves".

关 键 词：间接代理 介入权 选择权 债权让与 债务承担 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]