增值视角下的中国人力资本测度研究  

Study on the Measurement of Human Capital in China from the Perspective of Value-added

作　　者：韩德超[1] HAN Dechao(School of Management,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学管理学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《人口与经济》2021年第3期94-107,共14页Population & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“供给侧改革视角下提高我国制造业全要素生产率的路径研究”(16BJY070)。

摘　　要：选取永续盘存法作为测算人力资本的基本框架,将“干中学”所带来的人力资本增值纳入估算范围,构建了扩展的估算模型,并尝试引入Mincer方程来估算人力资本增值情况。在借鉴已有研究并充分考虑不同类型人力资本折旧方式和寿命期差异的基础上,重新测算了人力资本的折旧率,较为详细地估算了我国1978—2018年的人力资本状况。研究结果表明:尽管“干中学”带来的人力资本增值是人力资本投资不可或缺的部分,但所占份额仅为0.6%。而教育投入及机会成本、医疗保健投入依然是人力资本形成的核心部分。同时,研究还发现人力资本增值率呈下降趋势,在职职工和农民职业技能培训投入份额相对偏低。This paper takes the perpetual inventory method as the basic framework of measuring human capital.Taking the human capital appreciation brought by the cost of time and energy invested in“learning from doing”into the estimation range,an extended estimation model is constructed,and the Mincer equation is introduced to estimate the appreciation of human capital.The depreciation rate of human capital is re-calculated according to the existing research and considering the difference of various types of human capital depreciation methods and life periods.Based on this,the human capital situation of China from 1978 to 2018 is estimated in detail.The results show that although education investment,opportunity cost and health care expenditure are still the core parts of human capital formation,human capital appreciation brought by“learning from doing”is an indispensable part of human investment but its share is merely 0.6%.The investment in education,opportunity cost and health care is still the core part of human captital formation.At the same time,this paper also finds that the rate of human capital appreciation would be declining and the share of training investment for in-service workers and farmers is relatively low.

关 键 词：永续盘存法 人力资本 折旧率 增值 

分 类 号：F241.1[经济管理—劳动经济]