口腔医学实习生的职业倦怠现状及相关因素  

Current situation and related factors of job burnout among stomatology interns

作　　者：沈勇 许桐楷[1] 温特 韩冬[1] SHEN Yong;XU Tongkai;WEN Te;HAN Dong(Peking University Hospital of Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Psychology,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医院,北京100081 [2]人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2021年第6期496-500,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:了解口腔医学实习生职业倦怠情况及其相关因素。方法:在北京市某三甲口腔医学院选取进入临床实习阶段的八学制学生,使用马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务行业版(MBI-HSS)测评职业倦怠状况(包括情感耗竭、去人格化、个人成就感3个维度),情绪调节问卷(ERQ)测评情绪调节策略使用状况(包括认知重评和表达抑制2个因子)以及大学生移情问卷测评移情状况(包括认知移情、情感移情、行为移情3个因子)。结果:口腔医学实习生MBI-HSS的情感耗竭、去人格化得分高于常模,个人成就感得分低于常模(均P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析表明实习年限与MBI-HSS情感耗竭得分负性关联(β=-2.76,P<0.05);非独生子女、ERQ表达抑制得分与MBI-HSS去人格化得分正性关联(β=1.85、0.30,P<0.05),ERQ认知重评得分与MBI-HSS去人格化得分负性关联(β=-0.19,P<0.05);非独生子女、ERQ认知重评和认知移情得分与MBI-HSS个人成就感得分负性关联(β=-3.36、-0.41,P<0.05)。结论:口腔医学实习生普遍存在不同程度的职业倦怠,实习年限短、独生子女、认知重评情绪调节能力低、表达抑制情绪调节能力高、认知移情能力低的口腔医学实习生更易出现职业倦怠。Objective:To investigate and analyze the job burnout of stomatology interns, and to explore the related factors and coping methods.Methods:With cluster sampling method, all of the eight-year postgraduate students who were undergoing the clinical practice stage of a 3 A Grade Stomatology College in Beijing were selected.The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey(MBI-HSS) was used to evaluate job burnout(including 3 dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment).The Emotional Adjustment Questionnaire was used to evaluate the use of emotional adjustment strategies(including 2 factors of cognitive reappraisal and expression inhibition).The Empathy Questionnaire for college students was used to evaluate the empathy of college students(including 3 factors of cognitive empathy, emotional empathy and behavioral empathy).Results:Compared with the norm, the stomatology interns scored higher in MBI-HSS emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and scored lower in MBI-HSS personal accomplishment(Ps<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that internship years was negatively associated with MBI emotional exhaustion scores(β=-2.76,P<0.05).Being non-only child and ERQ expression inhibition scores were positively associated with MBI-HSS depersonalization scores(β=1.85,0.30,Ps<0.05),and ERQ cognitive reappraisal scores were negatively associated with MBI-HSS depersonalization scores(β=-0.19,P<0.05).Being non-only child and scores of ERQ cognitive reappraisal and cognitive empathy were negatively associated with MBI-HSS personal accomplishment scores(β=-3.36,-0.41,P<0.05).The scores of MBI-HSS of stomatology interns were higher than the norm of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while the scores of reduced sense of accomplishment were lower than the norm(Ps<0.05).Conclusion:Stomatology interns generally have different degrees of job burnout.Those with short internship years, being only children, with low emotional regulation ability of cognitive reappraisal, high

关 键 词：口腔医学实习生 职业倦怠 情绪调节 移情 

分 类 号：R192.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]