特殊职责人员性侵罪司法适用研究  

The Application of Crime of Sexual Assault by Special Duty Personnel

作　　者：于阳 周玲玲 Yu Yang;ZhouLingling(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2021年第2期24-35,共12页Journal of Hubei University of Police

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“国家纵向治理体系现代化和法治化若干重大问题研究”(20&ZD159)。

摘　　要：特殊职责人员与其“照料”的未成年女性发生性关系的行为危害后果严重,舆情空前关注,社会各界普遍呼吁国家修改刑法以对该行为进行规制。《刑法修正案(十一)》积极回应社会关切,新增特殊职责人员性侵罪,充分体现了刑法对未成年女性的特殊保护。刑法在回应社会各方关切的同时,要严守罪刑法定的明确性原则。明确性原则要求对新增罪名的构成要件进行细致解读,同时尽可能厘清该罪与类罪的衔接问题。首先,特殊职责人员的含义解读和范围划定应当符合规范保护目的,在保护未成年女性的同时也要避免范围的不当扩大。其次,该罪构成要件中“性行为”的认定应当与强奸罪保持一致,且未成年女性明确的性同意并不构成出罪或者减轻责任的事由。最后,在司法适用中,应尽可能查清事实,注意此罪与强奸罪的界分,主要包括:性同意仍需采用“不违背妇女意志”的认定标准,在对胁迫行为做扩大解释的同时厘清其与非胁迫行为的界限。The behavior of people with special responsibilities having sex with the underage girls they"take care of"is harmful and has serious consequences. It has caught the attention of public opinion unprecedentedly, and people from all walks of life generally call for the state to amend the criminal law to regulate it. The Amendment of the Criminal Law actively responds to social hot spots by adding the crime of sexual assault by persons with special responsibilities,which fully reflects the special protection of the criminal law for underage female. While responding to the concerns of all sides of the society, the criminal law should strictly abide by the principle of legality. The principle of clarity requires a detailed interpretation of the constitutive elements of the new crime and a clear definition of the connection between this crime and similar crimes. First of all, the interpretation of the meaning of special duty personnel and the delineation of the scope should be in line with the purpose of standard protection, and the improper expansion of the scope should be avoided while protecting juvenile women. Secondly, the identification of"sexual behavior"in the constituent elements of the crime should be consistent with the rape crime, and the explicit sexual consent of the minor female does not constitute the cause of the crime or the mitigating responsibility. Finally, in the judicial application, we should try to find out the facts, pay attention to the distinction between this crime and rape, mainly including: sexual consent still needs to adopt the standard of"not violating the will of women", and make clear the boundary between coercive behavior and non-coercive behavior while expanding the interpretation.

关 键 词：特殊职责人员 未成年女性 性关系 性同意 强奸罪 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]