基于Ka波段云雷达的六盘山顶云特征分析  

Preliminary analysis of cloud macro characteristics over the Liupan mountain based on Ka-band cloud radar

作　　者：田磊[1,2,3] 桑建人[1,2,3] 姚展予[2,4] 常倬林[1,2,3] 舒志亮 曹宁[1,2,3] TIAN Lei;SANG Jian-ren;YAO Zhan-yu;CHANG Zhuo-lin;SHU Zhi-liang;CAO Ning(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,CMA,Yinchuan 750002,China;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing I00086,China;Ningxia Key Lab of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Yinchuan 750002,China;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing,100086,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2021年第2期84-90,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：西北人工影响天气工程;国家自然科学基金面上项目(41775139);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2019AAC03255);中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室开放课题(2020Z00708);宁夏青年科技人才托举工程(TJGC2018023);宁夏重点研发计划(2018YBZD1883)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用宁夏六盘山气象站2017年9月至2018年8月的Ka波段云雷达观测资料,统计分析了六盘山顶不同云的出现频率及宏观特征。结果表明:六盘山顶云出现频率最高值在7月,为61%,最低值在12月,为26%;按云层数划分,六盘山顶出现的云主要以1层云、2层云及3层云为主,相对总云的月平均出现频率分别为68%-86%、14%-27%及0.4%-4.8%;按云底高度及云层厚度划分,六盘山顶低云、中云、高云及直展云相对总云的月平均出现频率分别为29%-53%、14%-58%、6%-22%及2%-20%。云底高度在冬春季节高于夏秋季节,云顶高度在夏秋季节高于冬春季节,云层厚度为1.6-3.6 km,年变化特征与云顶高度类似。整体来看,春、夏、秋季云厚在白天大于夜间,冬季云厚在夜间大于白天,其中夏、秋季云厚日变化特征较为明显。Based on the Ka-band cloud radar observation data of Liupan mountain meteorological station from September of 2017 to August of 2018,the occurrence frequency and macro characteristics of different clouds at the top of the Liupan mountain were analyzed. The results show that the highest occurrence frequency of Liupan mountain cloud i.e. 61% appears in July,and the lowest value i. e. 26% appears in December. Divided by the number of clouds,the clouds at the top of Liupan mountain are mainly one layer of cloud,two layers of clouds and three layers of clouds,their monthly average occurrence frequencies relative to total clouds are 68%-86%,14%-27% and 0. 4%-4. 8%,respectively. Divided by cloud bottom height and cloud thickness,the ratios of monthly average occurrence frequencies of the low,medium,and high clouds and straight cloud to the total cloud are 29%-53%,14%-58%,6%-22%,and2%-20%,respectively. The height of the cloud base is higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. The height of cloud top is higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. The thickness of clouds is between 1. 6 km and 3. 6 km and its annual variation characteristics are similar to that of the cloud top height. On the whole,the thicknesses of clouds in spring,summer,and autumn are larger in the daytime than in nighttime,while the thickness of clouds in winter is larger in nighttime than in the daytime. Besides,the cloud thicknesses in summer and autumn both indicate obvious diurnal variation characteristics.

关 键 词：云雷达 云底高度 低云 出现频率 

分 类 号：P414.91[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]