黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)籽粒硬度分布及其对品质和产量性状的影响  

Distribution of Wheat Varieties(Lines)Hardness in Huanghuai Wheat Region and Their Influence on Yield and Quality Characters

作　　者：朱保磊 陈金平 师令智 李刚 赵永涛 石守设 李宇峰 陈杰 陈建辉 尹志刚 ZHU Bao-lei;CHEN Jin-ping;SHI Ling-zhi(Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinyang,Henan 464000)

机构地区：[1]信阳市农业科学院,河南信阳464000 [2]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462000 [3]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000 [4]河南省科技厅,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第10期35-38,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03-05B);河南省小麦产业技术体系项目(Z2010-01-01)。

摘　　要：以黄淮麦区主推品种(系)为试验材料,通过测定籽粒硬度的分布概况,分析其与产量性状和品质性状的关系,以期为小麦品质改良提供理论支持。结果表明,黄淮麦区中硬质麦的比例最高,为67.37%,混合型和软质麦的占比较低,分别为11.05%和21.58%,硬度值的分布范围较广,为18~85。通过分析不同硬度类型小麦与产量性状的关系可知,在产量和千粒重指标上软质麦显著高于混合麦和硬质麦,而在穗粒数和单穗重指标上不同硬度表型的材料无显著差异,这说明籽粒硬度主要通过关联千粒重这一指标来实现对产量的影响;不同硬度表型与品质参数的关系表现为,在和面时间和SDS-沉淀值参数上硬质麦显著高于混合麦和软质麦。该研究结果表明,籽粒硬度与产量性状和品质性状联系紧密,在育种过程中可以作为重要的辅助手段应用到小麦育种过程中。The main wheat varieties(lines)in Huanghuai Region were used as experimental materials.In order to provide theoretical support for wheat quality improvement,the relationship between yield traits and quality traits was analyzed.The results showed that in Huanghuai wheat region,the proportion of hard wheat was the highest(67.37%),while the proportion of mixed type and soft wheat was low,which were 11.05%and 21.58%,respectively.The hardness value was widely distributed,ranging from 18 to 85.Through the analysis of the relationship between different hardness types of wheat and yield traits,it can be seen that soft wheat was significantly higher than mixed wheat and hard wheat in yield and 1000-grain weight index,but there was no significant differences in grain number per spike and single spike weight index of different hardness phenotypes of materials,which indicated that grain hardness mainly affected yield through 1000-grain weight.The relationship between different hardness phenotypes and quality parameters showed that hard wheat was significantly higher than mixed wheat and soft wheat in blending time and SDS sedimentation value parameters.The results showed that grain hardness was closely related to yield and quality traits,and could be used as an important auxiliary means in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：籽粒硬度 产量 品质 育种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]