煤矿电网单相漏电故障区段自动定位探索  

Research on automatic location of single-phase leakage fault zone in coal mine power network

作　　者：高宏杰 赵建文[2] 郭秀才[2] GAO Hongjie;ZHAO Jianwen;GUO Xiucai(Gansu Jingyuan Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd., Baiyin 730913, China;College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃靖远煤业集团有限责任公司,甘肃白银730913 [2]西安科技大学电气与控制工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《工矿自动化》2021年第5期106-111,共6页Journal Of Mine Automation

基　　金：2020年甘肃省省级重点人才项目(甘组通字〔2020〕9号)。

摘　　要：从漏电检测需求、漏电故障区段定位的价值2个方面分析了单相漏电故障区段自动定位的必要性。介绍了3种单相漏电故障机理模型即故障稳态过程序网络模型、故障暂态过程序网络模型、暂稳态一体化序网络模型原理,指出了存在的问题:①稳态特征适用于中性点不接地的系统,在经消弧线圈接地的系统中稳态特征存在盲区;②暂稳态建模方法的不统一,导致后续故障信号不一致。给出了单相漏电故障机理模型的研究建议:①将暂态过程与稳态过程进行一体化精确建模;②探索数据驱动的故障过程研究。介绍了基于小波(包)及其他算法的故障特征信号处理方法原理,指出了存在的问题:①现有故障特征规律研究主要以选线和测距为目的,针对故障上下游各区段的信号特征及其分布的研究较少;②获得的故障特征规律主要针对永久性故障,对电弧型故障研究较少;③提取的信号特征存在混叠。给出了故障特征规律研究建议:①研究电弧性故障机理及其特征规律;②研究实用有效的信号分析和特征提取算法。介绍了基于稳态量及暂态量的单相漏电故障区段定位方法原理,指出了存在的问题:①稳态特征易受消弧线圈的补偿作用影响,导致区段定位不准;②暂态特征衰减快且不稳定,对电压过零、高阻接地等故障无法实现定位;③单相漏电故障特征微弱且易受不稳定故障电弧及随机因素的干扰。给出了单相漏电故障区段自动定位方法研究建议:①采用模式识别、人工智能、数字孪生等技术,探索适用于不同中性点运行方式的小电流接地系统故障区段定位方法,消除消弧线圈对故障识别的影响;②对于微弱且复杂的故障信号,研究专用高精度传感器,实现信号检测的准确获取。The necessity of automatic single-phase leakage fault zone location is analyzed in this paper from two aspects,namely,the need for leakage detection and the value of leakage fault zone location.Three single-phase leakage fault mechanism models'principles are introduced,namely,fault steady-state process sequence network model,fault transient state process sequence network model and transient steady-state integrated sequence network model,and the problems are pointed out as follows.The steady-state characteristics are applicable to systems with ungrounded neutral points,and in the system with grounded arc suppression coil,there are blind spots in the steady-state characteristics.The inconsistency of transient steady-state modeling methods leads to inconsistent subsequent fault signals.For research on single-phase leakage fault mechanism models,it is suggested to integrate the transient and steady-state processes for accurate modeling and explore the data-driven fault process research.The principle of the fault characteristic signal processing method based on wavelet(packet)and other algorithms is introduced,and the problems are pointed out as follows.The existing fault characteristic law studies mainly focus on line selection and distance measurement.There are few research on the signal characteristics and its distribution of the upstream and downstream zones of the fault.The obtained fault characteristic law is mainly for permanent faults,and there are few researches on arc faults.The extracted signal characteristics are aliased.For the study of fault characteristic law,it is suggested to study the mechanism and characteristic law of arc faults and study the practical and effective signal analysis and characteristic extraction algorithms.The principle of single-phase leakage fault zone location method based on steady state and transient state quantities is introduced,and the problems are pointed out as follows.The steady-state characteristics are easily affected by the compensation effect of the arc suppression co

关 键 词：煤矿电网 单相漏电故障 区段定位 暂态零序电流 故障选线 

分 类 号：TD608[矿业工程—矿山机电]