基于三维激光扫描的铁路隧道净空断面测量  

Survey Method for Clearance of Railway Tunnel Based on 3D Laser Scanning

作　　者：周世明[1] Zhou Shiming(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2021年第3期33-37,共5页Railway Investigation and Surveying

摘　　要：在铁路隧道的相向施工方案中,受隧道控制网精度、测量仪器、测量方法及自然环境因素的影响,不可避免地会产生贯通误差,为解决贯通误差对隧道限界的影响问题,结合工程案例,研究利用三维激光扫描技术进行隧道净空断面几何形态测量,并通过隧道中线调整来实现消除贯通误差的方法,并从如何高效准确获得整个隧道的点云数据,以及如何快速提取净空断面两个角度,介绍利用三维激光扫描技术实现铁路隧道净空断面快速测量的技术方案及作业流程。研究结果表明,采用该技术测量的净空断面精度高、数据丰富,可满足隧道中线调整设计要求;通过对940个隧道净空断面数据的综合分析,证明调整曲线半径的方法对隧道贯通误差消除的有效性。In the opposite construction scheme of the railway tunnel,the through error inevitably occur due to the influence of tunnel control network accuracy,measurement instruments,measurement methods and natural environment factors.In order to solve the influence of through error on tunnel boundary/limit,combined with the engineering cases,the method of using 3D laser scanning technology was studied to measure the geometric shape of the tunnel clearance and eliminate the through error by adjusting the tunnel centerline.Considering the way to obtain the point cloud of the whole tunnel efficiently and accurately,and the way to quickly extract the clearance section,this paper introduced the technical scheme and operation process of using 3D laser scanning technology to realize the rapid measurement of the clearance section of the railway tunnel.Through the comprehensive analysis of 940 tunnel clearance section data,the effectiveness of the method of adjusting the curve radius to eliminate the tunnel through error was verified.The results show that the clearance section measured by this technology has high precision and abundant data,which can meet the requirements of tunnel centerline adjustment design.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 三维激光扫描 点云数据 净空断面 精密测量 

分 类 号：U456.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U459.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]