Watershed science:Linking hydrological science with sustainable management of river basins  

作　　者：Chansheng HE L.Allan JAMES 

机构地区：[1]Department of Geography,Western Michigan University,Kalamazoo,M149008,USA [2]Center for Dryland Water Resources Research and Watershed Science,Key Laboratory of West China’s Environmental System(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China [3]Department of Geography,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC 29208,USA

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》2021年第5期677-690,共14页中国科学（地球科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030501,41530752,and 91125010);the Scherer Endowment Fund of Department of Geography,Western Michigan University。

摘　　要：Over the past decades,a number of water sciences and management programs have been developed to better understand and manage the water cycles at multiple temporal and spatial scales for various purposes,such as ecohydrology,global hydrology,sociohydrology,supply management,demand management,and integrated water resources management(IWRM).At the same time,rapid advancements have also been taking place in tracing,mapping,remote sensing,machine learning,and modelling technologies in hydrological research.Despite those programs and advancements,a water crisis is intensifying globally.The missing link is effective interactions between the hydrological research and water resource management to support implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)at multiple spatial scales.Since the watershed is the natural unit for water resources management,watershed science offers the potential to bridge this missing link.This study first reviews the advances in hydrological research and water resources management,and then discusses issues and challenges facing the global water community.Subsequently,it describes the core components of watershed science:(1)hydrological analysis;(2)water-operation policies;(3)governance;(4)management and feedback.The framework takes into account water availability,water uses,and water quality;explicitly focuses on the storage,fluxes,and quality of the hydrological cycle;defines appropriate local water resource thresholds through incorporating the planetary boundary framework;and identifies specific actionable measures for water resources management.It provides a complementary approach to the existing water management programs in addressing the current global water crisis and achieving the UN SDGs.

关 键 词：Water crisis HYDROLOGY Watershed science Integrated water resources management(IWRM) 

分 类 号：P33[天文地球—水文科学]