20世纪50年代文学中的“新法接生”——记录新中国生命治理的开端  

The “New Method of Midwifery” in Chinese Literature in the 1950s:Recording the Development of Bio-politics in New China

作　　者：王宇[1] 何秀雯 WANG Yu;HE Xiu-wen(Department of Chinese,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中文系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第3期162-172,共11页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“百年中国文学女性形象谱系与现代中华文化建构整体研究”(19ZDA276)。

摘　　要：20世纪50年代文学中的"新法接生"既是对现实生活中的一场生育技术改革运动的记录,又蕴含着丰富的政治意义与文化内涵。它将批判的矛头直接指向落后的接生方法及其背后所运行的传统生命观念,记录了新中国生命治理的发展历程,呈现出民族国家对生命权力、生育习俗、妇女身体、家庭伦理关系的改造,以及与此密切相关的日常生活的再造。作家们围绕"新法接生"还提供了一个非常特殊的职业女性——产婆/接生员形象序列,在中国职业女性形象史上留下特别的印记。The literary description of the "New Method of Midwifery" in the 1950 s was not only a historical record of the reformation of reproductive technology in real life, but also a demonstration of abundant political significance and cultural connotation. These works directly criticized the unenlightened method of midwifery and the traditional notion of life that people observed. They documented the development of bio-politics in New China and presented the transformation of bio-power, fertility practices, the female body, family ethical relations and the alteration of daily life brought about by the nation-state. The writers also provided a series of special career women images of midwives, which had left a specific imprint on the history of the imagery of professional Chinese women.

关 键 词：20世纪50年代文学 “新法接生” 生命治理 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]