强潮作用下钱塘江河口潮余流特征研究  

Study on tidal and residual currents in Qiantang River estuary under strong tide

作　　者：李若华[1] 唐子文[1] 谢东风[1] LI Ruohua;TANG Ziwen;XIE Dongfeng(Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics&Estuary,Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利河口研究院,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第5期8-12,49,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41676085)。

摘　　要：钱塘江河口是典型的强潮河口,研究其潮余流特征对于深入了解强潮特性及潮汐资源开发利用具有重要意义。采用钱塘江河口枯季大潮期沿程5个站点连续5 d高频次的流速、潮位、水深等观测数据,分析了强潮作用下潮流、水深及余流的时空变化特征,讨论了余流与水深、潮差的关系。结果表明:在强潮作用下,河口下游段水流向陆净输运,余流主要受斯托克斯余流控制;上游段水流向海净输运,余流主要受欧拉余流控制。大潮期前期阶段,向陆输运的余流促使河口段出现蓄潮现象,水深持续增加,后期阶段余流与潮差具有极强的相关性。The Qiantang River estuary is a typical macro-tidal estuary.The study of residual current is of great significance for understanding its strong tide characteristics and resource utilization.Based on the high frequency observations including flow velocity,tide level and water depth at 5 stations along the Qiantang River estuary during spring tides in dry season for 5 consecutive days,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of water depth,tidal and residual current were analyzed,and the relationship between residual current and water depth,tidal range were discussed.The results show that under the strong tide,the water flow in the downstream of the estuary is transported to the land,and the residual current is mainly controlled by the Stokes residual current.The water flow in the upstream is mainly transported to the sea,and the residual current is mainly controlled by the Euler residual current.At the beginning of the spring tides,the residual current to the land promotes the tidal volume accumulation,while the water depth increases.At the late stage,there is a strong correlation between the residual current and the tidal range.

关 键 词：潮余流 强潮作用 潮差 潮周期 钱塘江河口 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]