盾构法隧道管片接缝双道密封垫防水试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Waterproof of Double Gaskets in Segment Joint of Shield Tunnel

作　　者：肖明清[1] 薛光桥[1] 钟元 孙文昊 XIAO Mingqing;XUE Guangqiao;ZHONG Yuan;SUN Wenhao(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.Ltd,Wuhan,Hubei 430063,China;National-Local Jonit Engineering Research Center of Underwater Tunnelling Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430063,China;Jiangyin Haida Rubber and Plastic Co.Ltd,Jiangyin,Jiangsu 214424,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉430063 [2]水下隧道技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,武汉430063 [3]江阴海达橡胶股份有限公司,江阴214424

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2021年第2期85-91,共7页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:管片接缝防水是盾构法隧道整个防水系统中最为关键的部位,以往研究多针对单道弹性密封垫,对于双道密封垫,虽然应用案例越来越多,但对其防水机理与设计方法的研究较少,防水设计缺少理论支撑。为此,本文以某隧道为案例,对双道密封垫的防水机理、防水能力和设计方法进行研究。研究结论:(1)由于密封垫接触面凹凸不平,存在极细微渗漏孔洞,因此其防水能力受接触面最大接触应力和接触面细微孔洞的水流阻力双控制,通过提高密封垫接触面的平整度进而减少细微孔洞的数量与大小,是加强防水能力的关键因素;(2)当内侧密封垫防水能力不高于外侧密封垫时,其总防水能力为外侧密封垫残余防水能力与内侧密封垫防水能力之和,且残余防水能力要低于初始防水能力;当内侧密封垫防水能力高于外侧密封垫时,总防水能力约等于内侧密封垫防水能力;(3)建立了双道密封垫整体防水能力的计算公式,提出了双道密封垫、双道密封垫与遇水膨胀橡胶止水条组合时的布置方法与技术要求;(4)本研究成果可为高水压盾构隧道的防水设计提供技术支撑。Research purposes:The segment joint waterproof is the most critical part of the whole waterproof system of shield tunnel.In the past,most researches focused on single elastic gasket.For double or multiple gaskets,although more and more cases are applied,there are few researches on its waterproof mechanism and design method,even lacking of theoretical support for design.Taking a tunnel as an example,this paper studies the waterproof mechanism,waterproof ability and design method of double gasket.Research conclusions:(1)Since the contact surface of the gasket is uneven and has tiny leakage holes,its waterproof ability is controlled by the maximum contact stress of the contact surface and the flow resistance of the tiny holes between the contact surface.Improving the evenness of the contact surfaces can reduce the number and size of tiny holes and it is also a key factor to strengthen the waterproof ability.(2)When the waterproof ability of inner gasket is not higher than that of outer gasket,the total waterproof ability is the sum of outer gasket residual waterproof ability and inner gasket waterproof ability,and the total residual waterproof ability is lower than the initial waterproof ability.When the waterproof ability of inner gasket is higher than that of outer gasket,the total waterproof ability is equal to the waterproof capacity of the inner gasket.(3)The calculation formula of overall waterproof capacity of double gasket is established.The layout and technical requirements of double gasket and the combination of double gasket and water swelling rubber are put forward.(4)The research results can provide technical support for the waterproof design of high water pressure shield tunnel.

关 键 词：盾构法隧道 管片接缝防水 双道密封垫 残余防水能力 防水机理 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]