儿童主要照护者儿童用药需求的调查  

The demand of primary caregivers for children’s medication:a national investigation

作　　者：霍记平[1] 王晓玲[2] 杨兴华[3] 王兴河 郑爱萍 杨健[6] 许馨文 张红[8] 于国超 严金玲[10] 马姝丽 董琳[12] 谢娟[13] 杨卉[14] 彭静 黄洁[16] 马春艳 赵瑞玲[18] 任艳丽[19] 张姗 马志敏 申昆玲 赵志刚[1] HUO Ji-ping;WANG Xiao-ling;YANG Xing-hua;WANG Xing-he;ZHENG Ai-ping;YANG Jian;XU Xin-wen;ZHANG Hong;YU Guo-chao;YAN Jin-ling;MA Shu-li;DONG Lin;XIE Juan;YANG Hui;PENG Jing;HUANG Jie;MA Chun-yan;ZHAO Rui-ling;REN Yan-li;ZHANG Shan;MA Zhi-min;SHEN Kun-ling;ZHAO Zhi-gang(Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China;Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100045,China;Department of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Phase I Clinical Centre,Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100038,China;Department of Pharmaceutics,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;China News of Drug Information Association,Beijing 100069,China;Technology and Development Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of China,Beijing 100027,China;Medical Knowledge Management Special Fund Management Committee,China Foundation for the Promotion of Health,Beijing 100161,China;Department of Pharmacy,First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University,Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000,China;Department of Pharmacy,Henan Children's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450007,China;Department of Respiratory,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325027,China;Department of Pharmacy,Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital,Guiyang 550002,China;Department of Pharmacy,Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University,Xining 810001,China;Department of Pharmacy,Wuhan Children's Hospital,Wuhan 430015,China;Department of Cardiology,Children's Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou,215003,China;Department of Pediatrics,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital,Huhehaote 010017,China;Department of Pharmacy,Children's Hospital of Shanxi,Taiyuan 300013,China;Department of Pharmacy,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;China National Clinical

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院药学部,北京100070 [2]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院药学部,北京100045 [3]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [4]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院药物Ⅰ期临床试验研究室,北京100038 [5]军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所药物制剂研究室,北京100037 [6]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院,北京100020 [7]中国医药新闻信息协会,北京100069 [8]中国中医药科技开发交流中心,北京100027 [9]中国健康促进基金会医药知识管理专项基金管理委员会,北京100161 [10]赣南医学院第一附属医院药剂科,江西赣州341000 [11]河南省儿童医院药学部,郑州450007 [12]温州医科大学附属第二医院呼吸科,浙江温州325027 [13]贵州省人民医院药剂科,贵阳550002 [14]青海大学附属医院临床药学科,西宁810001 [15]武汉儿童医院药学部,武汉430015 [16]苏州大学附属儿童医院心内科,江苏苏州215003 [17]内蒙古自治区人民医院儿科,呼和浩特010017 [18]山西省儿童医院药剂科,太原300013 [19]郑州大学第三附属医院药学部,郑州450052 [20]国家呼吸系统疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100045

出　　处：《临床药物治疗杂志》2021年第4期10-15,共6页Clinical Medication Journal

基　　金：北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项(扬帆计划)(ZYLX201827)。

摘　　要：目的了解儿童主要照护者儿童用药的需求,以促进儿童用药安全。方法采用目的抽样法,在全国104家医院,对2018年6月1日至8月31日前来儿科就诊的儿童照护者就儿童用药需求开展电子问卷调查,数据分析采用SPSS 25软件,问卷信度和效度分别采用Cronbach’sα系数和KMO值作为评价指标。结果 49982份有效调查问卷显示,儿童照护者获取儿童药品信息途径主要有医师(59.11%)、药师(55.09%)和药店店员(42.87%),按照医师处方购买儿童药品占比最高(70.82%),对儿童药品的关注要素主要集中在安全性(77.57%)、有效性(56.52%)、品牌(52.25%)和是否纳入国家医保报销范围(79.91%)。果味颗粒剂(54.43%)和液体剂型(51.11%)是最容易被儿童接受的剂型。家庭药箱药品配备及管理(68.63%)、儿童常备药品正确使用(64.91%)和儿童意外急救知识培训(43.19%)是照护者需要培训的儿童安全用药知识。安全用药常识、抗菌药物、发热、感冒方面的需求程度最高。结论安全性、有效性、剂型及是否纳入国家医保报销范围是儿童用药选择的重要考虑因素。照护者对儿童用药知识有很高需求,医疗机构应加强儿童用药知识的教育和普及,以促进儿童用药安全。Objective To explore the need of primary caregivers on medication for children,and promote medication safety for children. Methods The purposive sampling method was used,and an electronic questionnaire survey on children’s medication needs among pediatric caregivers in 104 hospitals from June 1 to August 31,2018 was conducted. SPSS 25 software was used for data analysis. Cronbach’s α coefficient and KMO value was used as evaluation indexes for reliability and validity of the questionnaire,respectively. Results A totall of 49 982 valid questionnaires showed that primary caregivers obtained drugs’ information mainly from physicians(59. 11%),pharmacists(55. 09%)and drugstore clerks(42. 87%). The highest proportion of pediatric drugs was purchased according to doctors’ prescriptions(70. 82%). Attentions on pediatric drugs were mainly concentrated in security(77. 57%),effectiveness(56. 52%),brand(52. 25%),and whether to be included in the drug list of national basic medical insurance reimbursement(79. 91%). Fruit granules(54. 43%) and liquid formulations(51. 11%)were the most acceptable dosage forms for children. Training about the preparation and administration of drugs in family medicine cabinet(68. 63%),rational use of common medicines(64. 91%),and the training of children’s emergency knowledge(43. 19%)were needed. Medication knowledge on safety medication,antibiotics,fever,and cold were needed at the highest level. Conclusion Safety,efficacy,palatability of dosage forms and whether to be included in the drug list of national basic medical insurance reimbursement was important factors for medication chooseing for children. Caregivers had a high demand for medication knowledge for children’s medication knowledge. Medical institutions should further strengthen the education and popularization of medication knowledge for children,in order to promote the safety medication for children.

关 键 词：主要照护者 用药需求 儿童用药 

分 类 号：R952[医药卫生—药学]