中低温煤焦油沥青质化学结构分析  

Research on Chemical Structural Analysis of Asphaltene from Medium and Low Temperature Coal Tar

作　　者：孙智慧[1] 谢松林 邰美琪 黎淼 孙佳怡 李楠 SUN Zhihui;XIE Songlin;TAI Meiqi;LI Miao;SUN Jiayi;LI Nan(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2021年第2期50-52,77,共4页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(19JK0927);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010722082)。

摘　　要：煤焦油中沥青质组分分子量最大,结构最复杂,最难轻质化。为高效利用煤焦油资源,以陕北中低温煤焦油沥青质为研究对象,综合采用元素分析、凝胶渗透色谱、红外光谱、紫外光谱和荧光光谱等多种分析技术,分析其化学结构。研究结果表明,煤焦油沥青质以C、H元素为主,约为85%,也含有较高的杂原子O、N、S元素,其中O元素含量高达11.1%,主要以C-O结构形式存在。煤焦油沥青质分子中以缩合芳环结构为主,烷基侧链少且短,沥青质分子间或分子内存在较强的非共价键,缔合作用强。沥青质溶液低浓度下可获得单个沥青质分子结构信息,芳香单片环数大多数为4环、5环,而5环以上的很少。Asphaltene from coal tar, which has the largest molecular weight and the most complex structure, is the most difficult to lighten. In order to utilize the coal tar resources efficiently, the chemical structure of asphaltene from coal tar had been studied and analyzed by using various analytical techniques, such as elemental analysis, GPC(gel permeation chromatography), infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrocoscopy. The results show that the coal tar asphaltene is mainly composed of C and H elements(about 85%), and also contains high levels of heteratomic elements O, N, and S, among which the O element content is as high as 11.1%, mainly in the form of C-O structure. The coal tar asphaltene was mainly in the structure of condensation aromatic ring with few and short alkyl side chains. There were strong association effects among or within the asphaltene molecules arising from the strong non-covalent bonds. The single asphaltene molecular structure information could be obtained under the low concentration of asphaltene solutions. The number with aromatic single ring is mostly 4-ring and 5-ring, and the number with more than 5-ring is very few.

关 键 词：煤焦油 沥青质 光谱分析 

分 类 号：TE622.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]