基于形态学空间格局分析的伦敦绿地系统空间格局演化及其与政策的关联性研究  

Evolution of Spatial Pattern of London Green Space System Based on Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis and Its Relevance to Policy

作　　者：戴菲[1] 毕世波 郭晓华[1] 陈明[1] Dai Fei;Bi Shibo;Guo Xiaohua;Chen Ming

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2021年第2期50-58,共9页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51778254)。

摘　　要：绿地系统的空间格局、驱动力分析和评价及其与相关政策的关联性研究能够为绿地系统的未来规划进行指导。伦敦是推动世界建设城市环城绿带的成功典范,本文基于ENVI5.3、GIS平台,通过形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法,从时间维度、绿地空间格局类型及其与相关政策的关系三个角度,对1975年来伦敦绿地系统进行深入探究。笔者发现绿地系统自1975年以来经历了"分—合—分"的发展轨迹,其发展可分为1975—1985年的破碎化趋向、1985—2010年的带状绿地整合化和2010—2018年间"点—线—面"状绿地网络化三个阶段。整体而言,英国绿地系统空间格局形态的变化情况与相关政策的实施密不可分,尤其21世纪初来,核心、孤岛、边缘、桥连接、分支、环、孔隙等7类绿地格局形态均在政策影响下得以大幅度优化。但作为一个不断发展与完善的动态系统,绿地系统的发展受建设用地、裸地等驱动因子的影响,会出现某一时段内"自组织"的发展现象;此外,日后在"公园城市"的建设过程中应尤其重视保护和建设起过渡作用的"孔隙"和"边缘"两种绿地格局形态。Analysis on spatial patterns and driving force of green space system,the evaluation of it and its correlation with related policies,could guide better planning for it in the future.London is one of the most successful examples in the world to promote the green belt around the city.Based on ENVI5.3 and GIS platform,this paper deeply explores the green space system of London since 1975 using MSPA(Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis)from three perspectives:the temporal dimension,its spatial pattern types and their relationship with related policies.It finds that the green space system in London has experienced the development track of"dividing-combining-dividing"since 1975,which can be divided into three development stages:the fragmentation trend from 1975 to 1985,the integration of strip green space from 1985 to 2010,and networking of"point-line-face"green space between 2010 and 2018.On the whole,changes in the spatial patterns of the UK’s green space system are inextricably consistent with relevant policies,with all seven categories of green space patterns have greatly improved in the 21 st century.As a dynamic system constantly developing and improving,the UK’s green space system is subject to the driving factors’influence including construction land and bare land,which causes a phenomenon of"self-organization"development in certain periods.In addition,the protection and construction of"pores"and"edge"should be focused on specially when developing"park city".

关 键 词：形态学空间格局分析 绿地系统 空间格局 时间演化 规划政策 伦敦 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]