锂硒电池的研究现状与展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Li-Se Batteries

作　　者：丁宇森 张璞 黎洪 朱文欢 魏浩 Yusen Ding;Pu Zhang;Hong Li;Wenhuan Zhu;Hao Wei(Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院薄膜与微细技术教育部重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《化学进展》2021年第4期610-632,共23页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.61774102);上海交通大学“新进青年教师启动计划”(No.19X100040004)资助。

摘　　要：锂硒电池是一种非常有潜力的下一代高能量密度电池,具有理论体积能量密度大(3253 mAh·cm^(-3))、电导率高(1×10^(-3) S·m^(-1))、环境友好等优良特性,已经逐渐成为电化学领域的一个研究热点。然而,目前锂硒电池仍面临活性材料利用率低、库仑效率低、容量衰减快以及多硒化物中间体穿梭等诸多问题。针对这些问题,国内外研究人员进行了大量的探索,例如,在正极处采用多种碳材料、金属化合物、硒合金等进行封装改性;在负极处采用固体电解质界面方法进行保护。本文全面综述了锂硒电池在正极、负极、电解质、隔膜、黏结剂、集流体等方面取得的最新研究进展,特别是在纳米硒的封装、固体电解质保护层的制备、新型多功能隔膜的研究、多种黏结剂和集流体的应用等方面进行了重点总结。最后,对锂硒电池的未来发展前景和商业化应用进行了展望。Lithium selenium batteries are very promising next-generation high-energy-density batteries with the properties of high theoretical volume energy density(3253 mAh·cm^(-3)),high electrical conductivity(1×10^(-3) S·m^(-1)),and environmental friendliness,which have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of electrochemistry.However,at present,lithium selenium batteries still face many problems such as low utilization rate of active materials,low coulomb efficiency,fast capacity decay and shuttle of polyselenides intermediates.In recent years,worldwide researchers have conducted a lot of researches on these issues.For example,a variety of carbon materials,metal compounds,selenium alloys,etc.have been used for packaging modification at the positive electrode.Solid electrolyte interface methods have been used for protection at the negative electrode.We comprehensively review the latest research progress of lithium selenium batteries in cathode,anode,electrolytes,separators,binders,current collectors,etc.especially summarize the sealing of nano selenium,the preparation of solid electrolyte protective layer,the research on multifunctional separators and the application of various binders and current collectors.Finally,we prospect the future development and commercial applications of lithium selenium batteries.

关 键 词：锂硒电池 高能量密度 正极 负极 电解质 隔膜 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646[理学—物理化学]