炭气凝胶/泡沫炭复合热防护材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation of carbon aerogel/carbon foam composites for thermal protection and their properties

作　　者：苏茹月 王馨博[1] 栗丽[1] 梁国杰[1] 郑梓璇 李凯[1] Su Ru-yue;Wang Xin-bo;Li Li;Liang Guo-jie;Zheng Zi-xuan;Li Kai(State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Research Institute of Chemical Defense,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]防化研究院国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《炭素技术》2021年第2期27-31,共5页Carbon Techniques

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0204205);国家自然科学基金(21876204)。

摘　　要：以间苯二酚(R)、甲醛(F)和水(W)为原料,Na2CO3为催化剂,制备RF溶胶。将不同浓度的RF溶胶分别浸渍至预炭化的酚醛树脂泡沫中,经溶胶-凝胶过程、超临界干燥及共炭化工艺得到炭气凝胶/泡沫炭复合材料(CA/CF)。对复合材料的形貌、密度、不同温度下(25~800℃)的热导率及压缩强度进行了测试。结果表明,所得CA/CF复合材料的密度低(0.055~0.131 g/cm3),压缩性能可调(0.106~0.952 MPa),室温热导率可低至0.026 W/(m·K),800℃热导率可低至0.104 W/(m·K)。RF sol was prepared from resorcinol(R),formaldehyde(F)and water(W),with Na2CO3 as the catalyst.The precarbonized phenolic resin foam was impregnated by RF sol with different concentrations.Following sol-gel process,supercritical drying and cocarbonization,the carbon aerogel/carbon foam(CA/CF)composites were obtained.The morphology,density,compressive strength,and thermal conductivity of the composites at different temperatures(25~800℃)were measured.The results show that the density of CA/CF is low(0.055~0.131 g/cm3),and the compression performance of CA/CF is controllable(0.106~0.952 MPa).The thermal conductivity of the CA/CF composites is as low as 0.026 W/(m·K)at room temperature and 0.104 W/(m·K)at 800℃.

关 键 词：炭气凝胶 酚醛树脂基泡沫炭 热防护 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]