非晶态Al/Ti球形金属粒子的制备及其对高能炸药热分解的催化性能  

Preparation of Metallic Amorphous Al/Ti Spherical Particles and Their Catalysis Effects on the Thermal Decomposition of High Explosives

作　　者：宋小兰 王毅[2] 刘双 程志鹏[3] 李凤生[4] Song Xiaolan;Wang Yi;Liu Shuang;Cheng Zhipeng;Li Fengsheng(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223300,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051 [3]淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安223300 [4]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2021年第4期1210-1217,共8页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(51676082)。

摘　　要：通过控制球磨时间及Al和Ti的质量比,用机械球磨法制备了一种无定型的球形Al/Ti合金粉,其平均粒径为3.76μm。研究了这种合金粉对HNS、LLM-105、RDX、HMX和CL-20这5种高能炸药热分解的催化作用。结果表明,与原料HNS比较,添加了5%(质量分数)Al/Ti非晶态合金粉的HNS在不同的升温速率下其热分解峰温分别降低了6.9、7.2、4.8和5.2℃。同样,对于其它4种炸药,添加Al/Ti后炸药的热分解温度较原料都明显降低。同时,计算了所有炸药样品热分解过程的热动力学参数。结果表明,相对于原料炸药,添加了Al/Ti非晶态合金粉的炸药其热分解活化能分别降低了52.378 k J·mol^(-1) (HNS)、41.664 k J·mol^(-1) (LLM-105)、8.6 k J·mol^(-1)(RDX)、48.4 k J·mol^(-1) (HMX)和46.7 k J·mol^(-1) (CL-20)。这说明Al/Ti非晶态合金粉对高能炸药的热分解过程有明显的催化作用。By controlling the milling time and the mass proportion of Al to Ti, the metallic amorphous Al/Ti spherical particles(Al/Ti alloy) with a mean size of 3.76 μm were fabricated by mechanical milling method. The catalysis effects of the as-prepared Al/Ti alloy on the thermolysis of five explosives, namely hexanitrostilbene(HNS), 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide(LLM-105), cyclotrimethyltrinitroamine(RDX), cyclotetramethylenetetranilamine(HMX), and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20) were probed by thermal analysis. Results show that for HNS doped with 5 wt% Al/Ti particles, the decomposition peak temperature(T_(p)) decreases by6.9, 7.2, 4.8 and 5.2 ℃ at different heating rates compared with raw HNS. Similarly, for the rest four explosives, the T_(p)value of the doped explosives also decreases compared with the respective raw explosive. All thermodynamic parameters of the explosives were calculated. It is indicated that the active energy(EK) of the doped explosives is declined by 52.378 k J·mol^(-1)(HNS), 41.664 k J·mol^(-1),(LLM-105), 8.6 k J·mol^(-1)(RDX), 48.4 k J·mol^(-1)(HMX), and 46.7 k J·mol^(-1)(CL-20). It is ascertained that doping spherical amorphous Al/Ti alloy can promote the thermal decomposition of explosives.

关 键 词：球磨 Al/Ti合金粉 催化作用 热分解 高能炸药 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工] TQ426