2010—2019年贵州省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools of Guizhou Province,2010-2019

作　　者：黄荷[1] 胡灿[1] 黄艳萍[1] 王丹[1] HUANG He;HU Can;HUANG Yan-ping;WANG Dan(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心传染病防制研究所,贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第9期1546-1549,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwjkj2019-237)。

摘　　要：目的阐明贵州省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征,为学校传染病疫情防控作参考。方法从"突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统"中获取2010—2019年贵州省学校的传染病突发公共卫生事件的信息,采用描述性流行病学方法对其流行病学特征进行描述。结果2010—2019年贵州省共报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件597起,报告病例14011例,死亡16例,罹患为1.58%。乙类传染病事件28起,丙类事件339起,其他传染病事件212起。呼吸道传染病事件431起,占74.44%,其中以水痘(209起,占48.49%)和流行性腮腺炎(176起,占40.84%)事件为主。肠道传染病事件报告137起,占23.40%,其中手足口病事件共118起,占86.13%。事件发生场所为托幼机构和小学的分别占64.25%、23.49%。发生在5月和11月的事件较多,分别为117起(2680人)和97起(2651人)。结论应以幼儿园、小学为防控重点,落实对水痘、流行性腮腺炎和手足口病等常见疾病的针对性防控措施,加强健康宣教,提高儿童疫苗接种率,促进健康行为。Objective To clarify the epidemic characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools in Guizhou province,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.Methods The information of infectious disease public health emergencies in schools of Guizhou province from 2010 to 2019 was obtained from the"Information system of public health emergency report management",and the epidemiologic characteristics were described by descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 597 public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools were reported in Guizhou province from 2010 to 2019,including 14011 cases,16 deaths.The attack rate was 1.58%.There were 28 cases of class B infectious diseases,339 cases of class C infectious diseases and 212 cases of other infectious diseases.There were 431 events of respiratory infectious diseases,accounting for 74.44%,of which 209 events were varicella(48.49%)and 176 events were mumps(40.84%).137 events of intestinal infectious diseases were reported,accounting for 23.40%,Including 118 events of hand foot mouth disease,accounting for 86.13%.The events occurred in kindergartens and primary schools were 64.25%and 23.49%of all events,respectively.There were 117(with 2680 cases)and 97(with 2651 cases)events in May and November,respectively.Conclusion Kindergartens and primary schools should be the focus of infectious diseases prevention and control.Targeted prevention and control measures for common diseases such as chickenpox,mumps and hand foot mouth disease should be implemented.Health education should be strengthened in order to improve vaccination rate and to promote healthy behaviors of school children.

关 键 词：学校 传染病 突发公共卫生事件 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]