2012—2019年上海市某三甲医院境外输入性传染病病例特征分析  

The characteristics of imported infectious diseases treated between 2012 and 2019 in a hospital in Shanghai

作　　者：郑方 孙丹凤[1] 张雨 沈银忠[1,3] ZHENG Fang;SUN Danfeng;ZHANG Yu;SHEN Yinzhong(Medical Department,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center,Shanghai 201508,China;Community Health Service Center of Jinhui Town,Fengxian District,Shanghai,Fengxian 201404,China;Department of Infection and Immunity,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center,Shanghai 201508,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市公共卫生临床中心医务部,上海201508 [2]上海市奉贤区金汇镇社区卫生服务中心,上海201404 [3]上海市公共卫生临床中心感染与免疫科,上海201508

出　　处：《微生物与感染》2020年第6期393-397,共5页Journal of Microbes and Infections

基　　金：国家“十三五”重大传染病防治科技重大专项课题(2017ZX10202101);上海市传染病临床重点专科项目(shslczdzk01102);复旦大学“明日之星”名医培育工程项目(RC-QT-2019-01)。

摘　　要：本研究分析近年来上海市境外输入性传染病的病例特点,为上海市输入性传染病的防控提供依据。对上海市某三甲医院2012—2019年报告的所有法定及重点监测传染病中确定为境外感染的305例传染病病例进行回顾性分析。采用WPS Office 2019和SPSS17.0软件对所收集病例的病种、数量、输入时间、病例人口学特征以及输入地区等进行整理分析。结果显示,2012—2019年该院报告境外输入性传染病11种,分别为疟疾、登革热、肺结核、麻疹、甲型肝炎、戊型肝炎、伤寒、人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染、黄热病、白喉、隐性梅毒。确诊的305例病例中,疟疾226例,占74.10%;登革热68例,占22.30%;其他9种疾病共11例,占3.6%。疟疾、登革热全年均有输入,其中6月、9月和11月为疟疾输入高峰,6~8月为登革热输入高峰,肺结核、麻疹、甲型肝炎、戊型肝炎、伤寒、HIV感染、黄热病、白喉、隐性梅毒无明显季节性分布特征。输入性病例中,中国籍多于外籍,男性多于女性,以青壮年为主;主要职业为商业服务和工人;主要输入地为非洲。本研究结果提示境外输入性传染病以疟疾、登革热等虫媒传染病为主,病种呈现多样化的变化趋势,输入高峰主要在夏秋季。应加强非洲、东南亚劳务和旅游人群的健康教育,做好病例监管和防蚊、灭蚊,减少二代病例。The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of imported infectious diseases in Shanghai between 2012 and 2019 and to provide a basis for more efficient prevention and control.A retrospective and descriptive analysis was conducted for all infectious cases identified as overseas imported in a hospital in Shanghai.The results demonstrated that a total of 305 cases of imported infectious diseases were listed,including malaria,dengue fever,tuberculosis,measles,hepatitis A,hepatitis E,typhoid fever,Ebola hemorrhagic fever,HIV infection,yellow fever,diphtheria,and recessive syphilis.225 cases were malaria(73.77%)and 68 cases were dengue 22.30%.Both malaria and dengue fever were imported throughout the year,with June,September,and November being the peaks of imported malaria,and June-August being the peak of dengue fever input.Among the pool of imported cases,Chinese nationals were affected more than foreigners,and males more than females.Most of the patients were young and middle-aged,the main occupations were business services and workers,and the main origin of imports was Africa.It was concluded that mosquito-borne infectious diseases such as malaria and dengue fever in summer and autumn are major concerns for imported infectious disease.Health education for labor and tourism groups in Africa and Southeast Asia should be strengthened,and other measures such as case supervision,anti-mosquito and reducing the number of second-generation cases should be taken to better prevent imported infectious diseases.

关 键 词：境外输入 传染病 病例特征 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学] R188[医药卫生—基础医学]