2016—2020年安徽省高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征定点监测  

Fixed-point Surveillance for HP-PRRS in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：沈艳[1] 何长生[1] 占松鹤[1] 王倩[1] 王维 周迎春[1] 刘华[1] 王军[1] 朱良强[1] Shen Yan;He Changsheng;Zhan Songhe;Wang Qian;Wang Wei;Zhou Yingchun;Liu Hua;Wang Jun;Zhu Liangqiang(Anhui Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hefei,Anhui 230091,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省动物疫病预防与控制中心,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2021年第6期21-25,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家动物疫病监测与防治项目。

摘　　要：为了解安徽省高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HP-PRRS)免疫状况及流行趋势,2016—2020年采用间接ELISA和荧光RT-PCR方法,在代表安徽省不同区域的3个定点监测县,随机采集21个规模化猪场的1190份猪血清和1189份猪扁桃体样品,分别进行血清抗体检测和病毒核酸检测,并统计分析时间、区间、群间变化规律。结果显示:安徽省3个定点监测县的HP-PRRS平均免疫抗体合格率为81.26%,连续5年每年均有病原检出,平均病原样品阳性率为16.82%;5年内,免疫抗体合格率和病原阳性率呈波浪状变化,2019年抗体合格率最高(92.78%),而2020年又降至70%以下;中小型场抗体合格率偏低,而病原阳性率偏高;皖中地区定点监测县的抗体合格率最低(不足70%),而病原样品阳性率最高(接近30%);保育猪、育肥猪抗体合格率偏低(不足80%),而保育猪、哺乳仔猪病原样品阳性率偏高(超过28%);灭活苗免疫猪群的抗体合格率最高(90.56%)。结果表明:安徽省3个定点监测县的HP-PRRS免疫效果较好,但抗体保护水平不稳定,病原污染面广、流行时间长。建议各地根据各自实际情况和流行特点,采取各有侧重的防控策略,将中小规模养殖场尤其是保育猪、哺乳仔猪和育肥猪群作为防控重点。本研究为HP-PRRS防控提供了技术支持。In order to identify the immune status and prevalence of high pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)in Anhui Province,1190 porcine serum samples and 1189 tonsil samples were randomly collected from 21 large-scale farms in 3 fixed-point surveillance counties representing different regions of Anhui Province during the period from 2016 to 2020 for detection of serum antibodies and virus nucleic acids by indirect ELISA and real-time RT-PCR,respectively,and the change rules of time,space and inter-population distribution were summarized and analyzed.The results showed that the average positive rate of immune antibodies against HPPRRS virus was 81.26%,the virus was detected out every year for five consecutive years,with an average positive rate of 16.82%;the qualified rate of antibodies and the positive rate of pathogens changed like waves in the five years,specifically,the former reached up to the highest in 2019(92.78%)and decreased to less than 70%in 2020;for small and medium-sized farms,the qualified rate of antibodies was lower and the positive rate of pathogens was higher;for the counties under fixed-point surveillance in Central Anhui,the qualified rate of antibodies was minimum(less than 70%),while the positive rate of pathogens was maximum(nearly 30%);the qualified rate of antibodies was lower in nursery pigs and fattening pigs(less than 80%),while the positive rate of pathogens was higher in nursery pigs and piglets(above 28%);the qualified rate of antibodies was highest in pigs vaccinated with inactivated vaccines.In conclusion,the immune effect of HP-PRRS was good in the fixed-point surveillance counties,but the level of antibody protection was unstable,and the pathogen was wildly spread and lasted for a long time.It was suggested to take special prevention and control measures subject to local situations and prevalence characteristics with a priority of small and medium-sized farms,especially nursery pigs,piglets and fattening pigs.The prevention and control of HP-PRRS were techn

关 键 词：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 规模猪场 定点监测 抗体检测 核酸检测 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]