计算成像内涵与体系(特邀)  

Connotation and System of Computational Imaging(Invited)

作　　者：邵晓鹏 苏云 刘金鹏 刘飞[1,3,4] 李伟 席特立[1,3,4] SHAO Xiaopeng;SU Yun;LIU Jinpeng;LIU Fei;LI Wei;XI Teli(School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Xi'an Key Laboratory of ComputationalImaging,Xi'an 710071,China;Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学物理与光电工程学院,西安710071 [2]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [3]西安市计算成像重点实验室,西安710071 [4]西安电子科技大学前沿交叉研究院,西安710071

出　　处：《光子学报》2021年第5期1-23,共23页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.61975254,62075175,62005203);中央高校基本科研业务费(Nos.XJS190502,XJS200505,XJS210506,RW200145,JC2113)。

摘　　要：传统光电成像技术受工业化设计思想限制,性能已近极限,难以满足信息时代下越来越高的应用需求。计算成像技术是信息时代发展的必然,在信息获取、传递和解译等过程中与数学计算、信号处理深度耦合,可有效突破光学成像过程中物理信息获取难、建模难和解算难的瓶颈,同时在信息的维度、尺度和分辨率等方面皆可实现质的突破。尽管计算成像发展很快,但目前仍呈现出碎片化、分散化的态势,缺乏系统性的体系引领其技术发展。因此,凝练计算成像技术的概念和内涵,建立计算成像技术体系分类,分析待解决的共性基础问题和关键技术,尤其是非线性成像模型问题;从更远作用距离、更高成像分辨率、更广视场和更小光学系统四个典型需求进行剖析,对超大口径及超衍射极限、仿生光学、光场信息深度解译、计算光学系统设计以及计算探测器应解决的关键问题进行阐述。本文提供了一种全局视角,将更好地推动计算成像技术的发展和应用进程。Limited by industrial design thoughts,the traditional optoelectronic imaging technique has already reached its performance limitation.So that it is difficult to meet the increasing application demands in the information era.The Computational Imaging Technology(CIT)is the inevitable development of the information era.By deeply coupled with mathematical calculations and signal processing in the process of information acquisition,transmission and interpretation,the bottlenecks in physical information obtaining,modeling and solving are effectively broken by CIT.And the qualitative improvement in dimensions,scale and resolution of information are achieved.Although CIT is rapidly developing,its research layout is fragmented and decentralized,and there is no systematic system to lead the technology development.Therefore,in this paper,the concept and connotation of CIT are condensed,and the CIT system is established.Furthermore the basic commonality problems and key technologies to be solved are analyzed,especially the problem of nonlinear imaging model.The four typical imaging requirements of distance,resolution,field of view and system size are analyzed.And the corresponding key issues of super-large aperture imaging system,imaging beyond diffraction limit,bionic optics,interpretation of light field information,computational optical system design and computational detector are expounded.A global perspective is provided in this paper for related researchers to better promote the technology development and application.

关 键 词：计算成像内涵 成像模型 计算成像体系 光学系统设计 信息传递 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]