初产槐山羊的繁殖性能及羔羊的生长发育  

Reproductive Performance of Primiparous Huai Goats and Growth Traits of Lambs

作　　者：戴华洋 权凯[2] 李君[2] 刘宗玲 王先宁 王艳萍[1] DAI Hua-yang;QUAN Kai;LI Jun;LIU Zong-ling;WANG Xian-ning;WANG Yan-ping(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China;Henan University of Animal Husbandry&Economy,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]河南牧业经济学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2021年第3期1-5,共5页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31601915)。

摘　　要：槐山羊属于多胎高产的肉用山羊品种,其繁殖率与繁殖母羊的胎次有关。为了解初产槐山羊的繁殖性能及所产羔羊的生长发育指标,本研究对138只初产槐山羊母羊的产羔性能、羔羊初生重、生长发育指标和羔羊淘汰率等进行了调查分析。结果表明:初产槐山羊的产羔率为147.83%,其中公母羔总比例接近1:1(47.1%:52.9%);单胎数显著高于(P<0.05)多胎(66.67%:33.33%),单胎羔羊的出生重也显著高于(P<0.05)多胎,3月龄时,单胎羔羊的体长、体高、体重、胸围和管围显著优于多胎羔羊,但6月龄后所有羔羊生长发育指标之间差异不显著。单胎羔羊的难产率(15%)显著低于(P<0.05)三胎羔羊(25%),但与双胎的难产率(12%)无差异,羔羊的淘汰死亡主要以体质瘦弱和感染疾病的三胎羔羊较多。结论:槐山羊初产羊繁殖率仅有147.83%,单胎羔羊初生重及3月龄的生长发育指标均显著高于多胎,但6月龄后单、多胎之间已无显著差异。Huai goat is a kind of meat goat with many births and high yield, and its reproduction rate is related to the birth order of the breeding ewes. In order to understand the reproductive performance of primiparous Huai goat as well as the growth indexes of the lambs, 138 primiparous ewes were investigated in terms of lambing performance, birth weight, growth and development index and lamb elimination rate. The results showed that the lambing rate was 147.83%, in which the proportion of male and female was close to 1:1(47.1%:52.9%), the number of single birth was significantly higher than that of multiple births(P <0.05)(66.67%:33.33%), and the birth weight of singleton lambs was also significantly higher than that of multiple births(P<0.05). At 3 months of age, the body length, height, weight, chest circumference and tube circumference of singleton lambs were significantly better than those of multiple births, but at 6 months of age, there was no significant difference in the growth and development indexes of all lambs. The dystocia rate of singleton lambs(15%) was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that of triplex births(25%), but there was no difference from twins(12%). The deaths of lambs were mainly due to physical weakness as well as the high probability of disease infection of the triplex births. In conclusion, the reproduction rate of primiparous Huai goat was only 147.83%, the birth weight of singleton lambs and their growth indexes of 3 months old were significantly higher than those of multiple lambs, but there was no significant difference between singleton and multiple lambs after 6 months old. In addition, the mortality rate of multiple lambs was higher than that of the singleton.

关 键 词：槐山羊 初产 繁殖性能 生长发育 疾病 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]