涠洲岛海域风侯和波侯特征分析  

Analysis of the climatic characteristics of wind and wave in Weizhou Island sea area

作　　者：黄子眉[1] 张春华[1] 申友利 姜绍材[1] HUANG Zi-mei;ZHANG Chun-hua;SHEN You-li;JIANG Shao-cai(Beihai marine environmental monitoring center station,State Oceanic Administration,Beihai 536000 China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海海洋环境监测中心站,广西北海536000

出　　处：《海洋预报》2021年第2期62-68,共7页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：国家海洋局南海分局海洋科学技术局长基金资助项目(1737)。

摘　　要：根据涠洲海洋监测站多年风和波浪实时观测资料,分析得出:涠洲岛海域累年强风向为N和NNE,其平均风速分别为5.9 m/s和5.3 m/s;常风向为NNE和ENE,其频率分别为18.2%和12.4%;夏季(6—8月)月平均风速最大,春季(3—5月)月平均风速最小。涠洲岛海域累年强浪向为SSW,其波高(H_(1/10))平均值为0.8 m;常浪向为NNE、SSW、NE和ENE,其频率分别为16.5%、16.2%、14.4%和10.5%;夏季(6—8月)波高(H_(1/10))月平均值最大,其余季节月平均值稍小于夏季。采用Pearson-Ⅲ型分布曲线对4个方向角风速的年最大值和波高(H_(1/10))的年最大值进行重现期计算。结果表明:涠洲岛海域ENE向风速多年一遇值最大;涠洲岛海域SSW向波高(H_(1/10))多年一遇值最大。Based on the real-time wind and wave observation data of Weizhou ocean monitoring station,the climatic characteristics of wind and wave in Weizhou Island sea area is analyzed in this paper.The results show that the strong wind direction is north(N)and north-northeast(NNE)with the average wind speed of 5.9 m/s and 5.3 m/s,respectively.The constant wind direction is NNE and east-northeast(ENE)with the frequency of 18.2%and 12.4%,respectively.The monthly average wind speed is the highest in summer(June to August)and the lowest in spring(March to May).The annual strong wave direction in the Weizhou Island sea area is southsouthwest(SSW)with an average wave height(H_(1/10))of 0.8 m.The normal wave direction is NNE,SSW,NE and ENE with frequencies of 16.5%,16.2%,14.4%and 10.5%,respectively.The monthly average wave height(H_(1/10))in summer is slightly larger than that in the rest of the year.In addition,the return period of annual extreme values of wind speed and wave height(H_(1/10))in four directions are calculated using the Pearson-Ⅲ distribution curve.It is found that the ENE wind speed and the SSW wave height(H_(1/10))is the largest under a return period with multiple years.

关 键 词：涠洲岛 风速年极值 波高年极值 重现期 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]