无核玫瑰香味葡萄种质创新及胚挽救技术优化  

Production of potential seedless grape germplasm with rose aroma and optimization of embryo rescue technique

作　　者：陈烁 李莎莎 骆强伟 徐炎[1] 王跃进[1] CHEN Shuo;LI Shasha;LUO Qiangwei;XU Yan;WANG Yuejin(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Grapes and Melons on the Research in Xinjiang,Shanshan 838200,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室/农业部西北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,陕西杨陵712100 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838200

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2021年第3期8-17,共10页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-29-yc-3)。

摘　　要：萜类物质是调控葡萄果实香味的主要物质。研究以‘玫瑰香’等8个鲜食葡萄成熟果实为试材,检测萜类物质合成途径关键酶基因在不同葡萄中的表达情况,并以此类基因高表达的玫瑰香味葡萄作父本,通过离体胚挽救创新无核香味葡萄种质资源。针对采样时间与培养基成分,对胚挽救技术进行优化。利用分子标记技术对双亲鉴定,对F1代无核性状进行早期辅助选择。结果表明:萜类物质合成关键酶基因在‘玫瑰香’和‘183’中表达高于其他品种;‘京早晶’及‘Fresno Seedless’做母本时最佳采样时间分别为授粉后42 d和36 d;幼胚离体培养以WPM+0.1 mg/L BR+0.2 mg/L 6-BA作胚萌发培养基,胚萌发率较高。通过无核分子标记鉴定出56个株系具有特异性条带,其中14个株系均能在两种不同无核标记下扩增出特异性条带。Terpenoids are the main substances that regulate the aroma of grape berries.Using the ripe fruits of eight table grapes including'Muscat Hamburg'as the materials.Detected the expression of key enzyme genes in terpenoid synthesis pathway in grape berries with different flavors.Rose aroma grapes with high expression levels of key genes in the terpenes biosynthesis pathway were used as the male parent.Using embryo rescue technology to created a new seedless grape with rosy aroma.According to the sampling time and medium composition,the embryo rescue technology was optimized.Molecular markers were used for early selection of seedless traits in F1 hybrids.The results showed that genes of key enzymes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis were highly expressed in'Muscat Hamburg'and'183'.It was determined that the best sampling times for hybrid combinations with'Jingzaojing'and'Fresno Seedless'as the female parent were 42 days and 36 days after pollination.An optimized embryo germination medium:WPM+0.1 mg/L BR+0.2 mg/L 6-BA.A total of 56 strains were identified by seedless molecular markers,and 14 strains were able to amplify specific bands in two differe nt markers.

关 键 词：葡萄 无核性状 萜类物质合成基因表达 香味 胚挽救育种 分子标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]