预处理法铜-钢层合板激光切割试验研究  

Laser Cutting Test of Copper-Steel Laminated Plates by Pretreatment Method

作　　者：王坤[1] 王续跃[1] Wang Kun;Wang Xuyue(Key Laboratory of Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education,School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院精密与特种加工教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第6期80-86,共7页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375073,51621064)。

摘　　要：利用光纤激光器切割1 mm厚铜-钢-铜层合板时,会出现反射率高、氧气辅助切割表面氧化严重及板材切割后切缝宽等问题。提出了激光预处理法,通过控制能量输入和氧化反应,材料表面产生了浅层熔化,从而预处理区域的元素构成、形貌及物化性质得到改变。最终获得了缝宽小于光斑直径的狭缝光栅试件。利用IPP软件对预处理后浅层熔化区域内的氧化物分布进行了测定,并计算了氧化物面积占浅层熔化区面积的比例。利用预处理法,获得了满足质量要求的狭缝光栅件,切割后的热影响区大大减小且背面无挂渣,切割前后覆层铜材料的性质得到保护,光纤激光切割铜-钢层合板的质量得到保证。Objective Copper-steel laminated plates exhibit the advantages of both copper and steel.Such plates are extensively used in the aerospace,instrumental,and military fields.However,some problems,such as high reflectivity,serious oxidation of the oxygen-assisted cutting surface,and large seam widths after cutting,can be observed when cutting1-mm-thick copper-steel laminated plates with a fiber laser.Although some solution methods have been proposed in the existing researches,the protection of the original properties of the material surface,the processing precision,and the product processing technologies are still limited.The effects of lasers and materials can be improved using the pretreatment method proposed in this study,in which the element compositions,morphologies,and physicochemical properties of processing areas are adjusted to ensure processing quality,expand the processing range of a 1064 nm fiber laser,and design the experiment for processing slit gratings.The feasibility of this method is verified.Methods Based on the analysis of the material properties and the laser processing characteristics,a shallow melting surface could be obtained by controlling the energy input.The plate surface was scanned using a low-power fiber laser by considering oxygen as the auxiliary gas to obtain morphology changes and material properties conducive to laser processing.The processing quality of this method is compared with those of other methods.A threedimensional(3 D)microscope was used to observe and measure the surface morphology,heat-affected zone(HAZ),and slit width.In addition,the Plus software was used to estimate the oxide distribution in the shallow melting area formed by pretreatment.Thus,the proportion of oxide area in the shallow melting area could be calculated.The surface roughness was measured using a Keynes laser confocal microscope.Further,the surface morphological changes in the shallow melting area were analyzed to investigate the influence of pretreatment on laser absorption and subsequent processing.Th

关 键 词：激光技术 激光切割 激光预处理 铜-钢层合板 氧化面积占比 切割质量 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]